Geriatric Dental Health: Tips for the Elderly Teeth

Many people underestimate the importance of having a healthy set of teeth. A strong set of teeth means that we can break down the different types of food that we eat, providing our bodies with sufficient nutrition. However, maintaining consistent good oral hygiene can get more difficult as you get older due to health conditions, medications or tooth replacements such as wearing dentures. Thus, to maintain good oral health during our senior years, it is important to ensure that we are actively participating in good oral practices such as brushing our teeth and flossing daily alongside regular dental checkups.

Importance of elderly dental health

Our natural teeth are protected by tooth enamel. However, over time, our natural teeth will naturally become vulnerable to wear and tear, chemical damage, and bacterial attacks. Thus, proper dental care and going for regular dental check-ups are necessary to improve overall health and well-being and ensure a higher quality of life. 

What are common oral health problems faced by elderlies?

1. Dry mouth

   • Elderlies face a higher risk of developing a dry mouth due to age, medicine or other health conditions. When you do not produce enough saliva, it can increase the risk of mouth sores, thrush, gum disease and tooth decay, all of which can lead to difficulties when eating.

2. Gum problems

   • Sometimes, elderly people can also experience receding gums, where the gum tissues pull away from the tooth. This makes it easy for bacteria to build and cause inflammation and decay. 

   • Gingivitis is an early type of gum disease that occurs when there is plaque and tartar buildup that irritate and inflame the gums.

   • Periodontitis is a severe gum disease that can lead to loss of teeth.

3. Cavities

   • Dental cavities occur when the plaque changes the sugars and starches from food into acid that attacks the enamel, leading to cavities.

4. Oral cancer

   • The risk of oral cancer increases significantly after age 50, especially for those who smoke or use other tobacco products. Men are about three times more likely to develop oral cancer compared to women. 

Suspect that you might be suffering from the above conditions? Request for an appointment with our dental specialists at Thomson Medical today.

When should elderlies visit the dentist?

Regular dental visits can help you stay ahead of potential dental health issues. However, if you suspect any issues or feel any dental discomfort, it is good to schedule a visit to the dentist right away as a precautionary effort. Moreover, existing health issues such as diabetes or heart disease can affect your oral health. If you are diagnosed with any health issues, it is good to inform your dentist of them and if you are taking any medications. By staying up to date with your own health, you can actively inform your dentist, and they will have a better understanding of your dental worries.

How do I maintain my daily oral hygiene?

There are many ways we can maintain our daily oral hygiene at home, such as:

1. Brushing

   • Remember to brush your teeth at least twice a day with fluoride toothpaste and a soft bristled toothbrush. 

   • For those facing issues with arthritis or have stiff and weak fingers that make brushing your teeth difficult, you can consider:

     1. Using an electric toothbrush. 

     2. Enlarging the handle of your toothbrush by wrapping a sponge around it. 

2. Flossing

   • Flossing at least once a day ensures your teeth remain clean.

3. Mouthwash

   • Using mouthwash can help reduce plaque and strengthen enamel.

4. Self-examinations at home

   • Remember to check for any signs of oral cancer, such as sores, lumps, and changes in tissue colour.

5. Improving your oral health through diet and lifestyle changes

   • Staying hydrated, maintaining a balanced diet and avoiding tobacco can reduce the risk of oral cancer, gum disease, and tooth loss.

6. Ensuring your dentures are well taken care of

   • Remember to remove your dentures at night and clean them to prevent potential infections and to visit the dentist for adjustments when needed.

   • For people who have had teeth removed, it is important to have them replaced, as missing teeth can cause surrounding gums to shift and create areas where food and bacteria can collect, leading to gum infection.

7. Regular visits to the dentist

   • Your dentist will know best and advise you on the necessary steps and procedures to ensure you maintain good oral health.

Request an appointment with our dentists at Thomson Dental Centre here.

What should carers look out for?

If you notice your elder experiencing discomfort or difficulties when eating, it is important to ask them if they are experiencing pain or if they have developed any ulcers. This is because ill-fitting dentures will cause discomfort and pain when eating. Moreover, it may also cause ulcers. 

Other telltale signs to look out for include:

1. Avoiding one side of their mouth when eating

2. Refusing their favourite foods

3. Persistent bad breath

4. Red and swollen gums that bleed when brushing

5. “Longer” teeth (due to gum receding)

6. Broken and shaky teeth

7. Unhealing white patches or ulcers

Remember to remind your elderly to practice good dental hygiene, and if needed, you may need to help them with these tasks, especially for those diagnosed with dementia or having trouble using their hands.

Should you need the assistance of a dental professional, do request an appointment with one of our dentists at Thomson Dental Centre. Our dental team will offer a comprehensive checkup and advise on preventive care based on your current dental worries. 

FAQ

How often should elderly adults visit the dentist?

Elderly adults should visit the dentist at least twice a year.

How often should an elderly adult have their teeth cleaned?

Elderly adults should stick to a 6-month cleaning schedule as they are more susceptible to different conditions such as gum disease and dry mouth.

At what age do gums start to recede?

Gums can start to recede at any age, but it mostly affects adults from 65 years of age. 

What is the most common geriatric dental problem?

Common oral disorders, including periodontal disease and dental caries, especially root caries, are very common amongst geriatric patients.

What are the oral changes in geriatric patients?

In addition to decreased temporomandibular joint movement, ageing-related oral health issues such as tooth decay, discomfort, and tooth loss may affect speech, chewing, taste, and masticatory efficiency, which may decrease by 15% to 16%.

The information provided is intended for general guidance only and should not be considered medical advice. For personalised recommendations and tailored advice, please request an appointment with Thomson Dental Centre today.