Fertility Supplements: Do They Work? A Look at the Evidence

Fertility supplements have gained popularity among couples trying to conceive, promising a boost in reproductive health through various vitamins and minerals.

However, the efficacy and safety of these supplements remain a topic of debate among healthcare professionals and researchers. In this article, we take a look at the hard facts of fertility supplements.

What are fertility supplements?

• Fertility supplements are dietary products that contain various vitamins, minerals, and herbal extracts aimed at supporting reproductive health.
• Common fertility supplements include folic acid, vitamin E, Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10), iron, vitamin C, and vitamin D. We will be discussing these common fertility supplements below.

1) Folic acid

• Folic acid helps to improve sperm and egg quality as it supports DNA synthesis and cell division, widely recognised for its role in preventing neural tube defects.
• Studies have shown that folic acid supplementation can improve fertility outcomes, particularly in women with ovulation disorders. The recommended folic acid intake for an adult is 400 micrograms per day.

2) Vitamin E

• Vitamin E acts as an antioxidant, protecting sperm and egg cells from oxidative damage and may improve the quality of cervical mucus, helping to facilitate sperm movement.
• Nevertheless, high doses of vitamin E can interfere with blood clotting and cause bleeding disorders. The recommended daily vitamin E intake for adults is 15 milligrams a day, obtained through meats, dairy, leafy greens, fortified cereals and oral supplements.

3) Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10)

• CoQ10 is a powerful antioxidant that supports mitochondrial function, improving egg quality in older women and enhancing sperm motility in men.
• CoQ10 toxicity is rare as only trace amounts of CoQ10 are found in dietary sources like meat, fish and nuts. The recommended daily intake of CoQ10 for adults is 30 to 200

4) Iron

• Iron is vital for the production of haemoglobin, which transports oxygen in the blood. Adequate iron levels are crucial for preventing anaemia, which can affect fertility.
• Iron supplementation is particularly beneficial for women with anaemia, helping to restore fertility. The recommended daily intake of iron is 16 to 18 milligrams for men and 12 milligrams for women.
• Iron can be obtained through various dietary sources like spinach, whole grains and red meats.

5) Vitamin C

• Vitamin C is an antioxidant that supports the immune system and enhances iron absorption, improving sperm quality by protecting against oxidative stress.
• Studies indicate that vitamin C can boost fertility in both men and women by reducing oxidative damage to reproductive cells. The recommended daily intake of vitamin C is 75 milligrams a day for women and 90 milligrams a day for men.
• Vitamin C can be easily obtained through fruits and vegetables like oranges, a cup of strawberries, chopped red pepper or broccoli.

6) Vitamin D

• Vitamin D plays a crucial role in hormone regulation and reproductive health. It is important for maintaining healthy bones and supporting immune function.
• Research shows that adequate vitamin D levels are associated with improved fertility outcomes and a higher success rate of assisted reproductive technologies.
• However, excessive vitamin D intake can cause toxicity, leading to hypercalcaemia, which can result in nausea, vomiting, and kidney problems. The recommended daily intake of vitamin D is 15 micrograms per day. Fatty fish and fish liver oils are packed full of vitamin D.

7) Alternatives to dietary supplements

While fertility supplements may offer some benefits, they are not a guaranteed solution for infertility. Home remedies, such as consuming these supplements, can be beneficial, but clinical treatments remain the most reliable option.

At Thomson Medical, we provide personalised care and a range of evidence-based treatments to support your fertility journey. With years of experience in fertility treatments, our specialists are here to help. Book an appointment with Thomson Medical today to explore your options and receive expert guidance.