Lower Right Abdominal Pain in Women: Symptoms, Causes & Treatments

What is the abdomen?

The abdomen–located between the chest and pelvis–contains key digestive organs like the liver and intestines. It is typically divided into four quadrants for diagnostic and management purposes. The lower right abdomen usually includes: 

• Appendix (part of your small and large intestines) 

• Colon 

• Right ovary 

• Right fallopian tube 

What causes lower right abdominal pain in women?

The potential causes of lower right abdominal pain in females include:

1. Appendicitis

Appendicitis is a medical emergency and can be life-threatening if not treated promptly, as it may lead to rupture and infection spreading into the abdominal cavity.

Appendicitis can be caused by:

• Inflammatory bowel diseases

• Overgrown tissues in the appendix wall from digestive tract infections

• Blockage of the appendix opening by hard stools, growths, or parasites

The most common cause is a blockage of the appendix opening. If inflammation leads to pus buildup, the appendix may burst, causing peritonitis, which is a life-threatening complication.

2. Ectopic pregnancy 

An ectopic pregnancy occurs when a fertilised egg implants outside the uterus, in a location that cannot support its growth. This condition leads to symptoms such as pain in the lower abdomen, nausea, vomiting, vaginal bleeding, and missed periods. 

3. Menstrual cramps 

Also known as period pain, these cramps occur just before or at the start of menstruation.

4. Endometriosis

Endometriosis is a condition where tissue similar to the lining of the uterus grows in other areas within the abdomen or pelvis, such as the intestines, fallopian tubes, and ovaries. This leads to inflammation and fibrosis, causing intense pain and discomfort.

5. Pelvic inflammatory disease

An infection of the female reproductive organs, including the ovaries, fallopian tubes, and uterus. It causes lower abdominal pain, abnormal vaginal discharge, fever, vaginal bleeding, and pain during sex.

6. Ovarian torsion

A condition where the ovary twists on itself and the surrounding tissues, restricting blood flow and causing pain in the lower abdomen from the right side. It is often associated with nausea and vomiting.

When should I seek medical help if I have abdominal pain in the lower right side?

If you are experiencing any of the following symptoms, it is advisable to consult your doctor as soon as possible for further diagnosis and treatment:

• Sudden and severe pain in the right abdominal region

• Unexplained pain lasting several days

• Pain that causes concern

• Pain accompanied by nausea, vomiting, fever, or other unusual symptoms

What is the treatment for the lower right abdominal pain?

For mild pain in the lower right abdomen, consider using home remedies, getting plenty of rest, and taking over-the-counter medications.

Conditions like abdominal gas and indigestion often resolve without the need for medical intervention.

For appendicitis, the primary treatment is the removal of the inflamed appendix, known as an appendectomy. This surgical procedure can be performed in two ways: 

1. Laparoscopic surgery
   • Small incisions are made, and tiny long tubes with a camera and surgical tools are inserted to remove the inflamed appendix. This method is less invasive and typically results in a shorter hospital stay.
2. Laparotomy
   • A single incision is made in the lower right abdominal wall to remove the inflamed appendix. This approach is more invasive and requires a longer recovery time.

FAQs

What are the signs and symptoms of acute appendicitis other than pain in the right lower abdomen?

Appendicitis may begin with dull aching pain near the umbilical area which moves to the right lower abdomen. It is associated with loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting and fever. Some people with appendicitis may experience pain during passing urine and a feeling of bowel movement that can reduce the pain. 

What are the other possible causes of pain in the right lower abdomen?

Some of the possible causes of lower right abdominal pain: 

• Colitis: Inflammation of the colon (large bowel)

• Diverticulitis: Inflammation of outpouching of the colon 

• Inflammatory bowel disease: Inflammation of the gut which causes pain in the abdomen with weight loss, tiredness, diarrhoea and blood in stools. 

• Irritable bowel syndrome: A chronic digestive system condition with pain in the abdomen, associated with stomach cramps, diarrhoea, constipation, bloating and gas.