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Thomson Women's Clinic

At Thomson Women’s Clinics, we are committed to providing modern and comprehensive care for women of all ages. Our experienced team of O&amp;G specialists is dedicated to creating a caring environment where your health and well-being are our top priorities. Our specialists provide specialised services on preventive measures, accurate diagnosis, and personalised treatment plans.Whether you need specialised care for women-related conditions or navigating the journey of childbirth, seeking support for family planning and fertility treatments, or requiring compassionate care through menopause, we are here for you.

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Specialists in Women’s Health

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Thomson Women’s Clinic

Thomson Paediatric Centre

At Thomson Paediatric Centres, our unwavering commitment is to treat your child with the same level of care and dedication as we would our own. We provide children's healthcare services to alleviate every parent's concerns and ensure the well-being of our next generation. Our experienced team of Paediatricians is devoted to cultivating a caring environment where your child's health is our top priority.Besides General Paediatrics services, we also offer specialised services in Neonatology and Paediatric Cardiology. Our specialist doctors are experienced in areas such as Nutrition, Respiratory, Growth &amp; Development assessment, and Paediatric Urgent Care for babies to young children and adolescents. Trust us to be your partner in safeguarding your child's health and ensuring a compassionate and comprehensive approach to their medical needs.

Specialists in Children’s Health

Our Paediatricians

Please click on the below links for our Paediatricians' availabilities.
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 <td>Paediatricians</td>
 <td>Clinic Location</td>
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 <td>Dr Ang Ai Tin</td>
 <td><a href="https://maps.app.goo.gl/XcyrrQBgEW35Rw3f6" target="_blank">Thomson Paediatric Centre (TPC 1)</a></td>
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 <td>Dr Eugene Han</td>
 <td><a href="https://maps.app.goo.gl/odint8UJmba6RBPbA" target="_blank">Thomson Paediatric Centre (TPC 4)</a></td>
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 <td>Dr Grace Lim</td>
 <td><a href="https://maps.app.goo.gl/obLpwmEFumMjMzRz8" target="_blank">Thomson Specialists (Woodleigh)</a> </td>
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 <td>Dr Kenneth Chua Yong Yeow</td>
 <td><a href="https://maps.app.goo.gl/Kp3TYWxzLXkfkkPYA" target="_blank">Thomson Paediatric Centre (Punggol)</a></td>
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 <td>Dr Leo Deng Jin</td>
 <td><a href="https://maps.app.goo.gl/NVzfb9zvkUMvvNxN8" target="_blank">Thomson Paediatric Centre (Bukit Panjang)</a></td>
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 <td>Dr Lim Yang Chern</td>
 <td><a href="https://maps.app.goo.gl/7Ex6ra4NmwHQUopS6" target="_blank">Thomson Paediatric Centre (Jurong)</a></td>
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 <td>Dr Ong Ian</td>
 <td><a href="https://maps.app.goo.gl/78WJoj482r35Af7T9" target="_blank">Thomson Paediatric Centre (Parkway Parade)</a></td>
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 <td>Dr Tan Kuanyang</td>
 <td><a href="https://maps.app.goo.gl/odint8UJmba6RBPbA" target="_blank">Thomson Paediatric Centre (TPC 4)</a></td>
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 <td>Dr Yang Linqi</td>
 <td><a href="https://maps.app.goo.gl/XcyrrQBgEW35Rw3f6" target="_blank">Thomson Paediatric Centre (TPC 1)</a></td>
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Refer to each paediatrician's <a href="https://www.thomsonmedical.com/centres/paediatric-centre/paediatricians-consultation-hours">consultation hours</a> for their availability.

Our Paediatricians' Leave Schedule

Thomson Specialists

Thomson Medical offers convenient access to comprehensive specialist outpatient and surgical care for women, children, and families through Thomson Specialists. Our team is dedicated to addressing your unique needs and providing tailored treatment options. Take control of your health today by booking an appointment at any of our Thomson Specialists clinics and embark on a journey towards improved well-being.

Bringing Specialist and Surgical Care Closer To You

General Information

Your Guide to Thomson Medical

Investor Relations

Latest share price, financial performance, and other materials relevant to investors.Read about our <a href="https://assets.contentstack.io/v3/assets/blt5f400315f9e4f0b3/blt5a13f1dd33c615fa/651e7a9aecf48b6d54c38b23/TMG-Investor-Relations-Policy-3Sep2020.pdf?branch=uat_release_3" target="_self">Investor Relations Policy</a>For Investor Relations matters, please email us at <a href="mailto:ir@thomsonmedical.com">ir@thomsonmedical.com</a> Thomson Medical Group Limited 101 Thomson Road #20-04/05, United Square Singapore 307591 Tel: +65 6331 0188 Fax: +65 6331 0180

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<table><tbody><tr><td>Stock symbol</td><td>A50.SI</td></tr><tr><td>Listing</td><td>Singapore Exchange </td></tr><tr><td>Financial Year End</td><td>June 30</td></tr><tr><td>Total issued shares as at 30 June 2023</td><td>26,441,066,807 ordinary shares</td></tr><tr><td>Market capitalisation as at 30 June 2023</td><td>S$1.6 billion</td></tr></tbody></table>

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A pregnancy may be deemed high-risk when the expectant mother is:<ul><li>35 years and above,</li><li>has a history of miscarriages, preterm labour, stillbirth, and fetal abnormalities,</li><li>carrying multiple pregnancies (twins and triplets etc),</li><li>prenatal diagnosis with amniocentesis and chorionic villus sampling, OR</li><li>has pre-existing health conditions such as polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), diabetes, high blood pressure, or a family history of health issues.</li></ul>Looking for a doctor who fits your needs? Our Medical Concierge team is here to help. Ask us anything!

Find a doctor

Find a High-risk Pregnancy Doctor

Dr Sharon Foo is a Maternal Fetal Medicine Consultant with <a href="https://thomsonspecialists.com/" target="_self">Thomson Specialists</a> (Paragon). While her present clinical practice encompasses all aspects of Obstetrics and <a href="https://www.thomsonmedical.com/women-health/gynaecology" target="_blank">Gynaecology</a> (O&amp;G), she has a special interest in <a href="https://www.thomsonmedical.com/blog/pregnancy/high-risk-pregnancy" target="_blank">high-risk obstetrics</a>, operative obstetrics, peri-partum and maternal medicine.Dr Foo graduated from University College London (UK) in 2009 and has more than 12 years of experience in O&amp;G. She obtained her Masters qualification in O&amp;G from Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists (MRCOG) in the UK in 2016.Before joining Thomson Medical, Dr Foo was a Maternal Fetal Medicine specialist at KK Women's and Children's Hospital (Singapore).Beyond her clinical commitments, Dr Foo is actively involved in multi-disciplinary obstetrics simulation training. Initially focusing on OBGYN-centric teams, she extends and refines the program to encompass Emergency Medicine and Family Medicine physicians. Integrating her passion for simulation training and operative obstetrics, she orchestrates instrumental simulation workshops that cover clinical decision-making and safe operative techniques. Additionally, Dr. Foo is deeply engaged in teaching and mentoring medical students from Yong Loo Lin, Duke-NUS, and Lee Kong Chian Medical schools, serving as a Physician Faculty for PGY1s.In addition to her expertise in O&amp;G, Dr Foo is passionate about Global Health. She actively pursues the enrichment of her knowledge and experience within this field, exploring its implications on everyday medical practices and identifying opportunities for research and development. She has also been an integral part of multi-disciplinary medical mission teams conducting healthcare professional training in obstetrics emergencies and resuscitation, spear-heading multiple mission trips to Kampong Chnang, Cambodia.She is a firm believer in workplace civility, and was responsible for initiating a campaign, The GRACE Movement, which creates awareness and discourse on workplace culture, and promotes positive workplace behavior. This initiative garnered interest at cluster level at SingHealth Services. She has a strong sense of public ethos and continues to be deeply vested in innovative healthcare solutions to improve maternal and neonatal outcomes for underprivileged mothers.Dr Sharon Foo is accredited to perform surgical procedures at Thomson Medical Centre.Articles:<ul><li><a href="https://www.thomsonmedical.com/news/meet-dr-sharon-foo" target="_blank">Dr Sharon Foo's Q&amp;A</a></li></ul>

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Dr Sharon Foo Anqi

Dr Ryan Lee is an Obstetrician and Gynaecologist at <a href="Thomson Specialists" target="_self">Thomson Specialists</a> Woodleigh.Dr Lee graduated with an intercalated bachelor of medical science degree (Honours) at Imperial College London and obtained MBBS (Distinction) in Medical Sciences, Clinical Science, and Clinical Practice at St Bartholomews and the Royal London, University of London. He further obtained a Masters of Medicine (O&amp;G) and was conferred a member of the Royal College of Obstetrics and Gynaecology (MRCOG). Subsequently, he graduated from the Clinician-Scientist residency and became a fully qualified Obstetrician and Gynaecologist with the Specialist Accreditation Board of the Ministry of Health, Singapore.Dr Ryan’s practice encompasses general gynaecology, high-risk obstetrics with a special interest in maternal medicine. He advocates a holistic approach to the care of pregnant mothers through optimisation of medical conditions in pregnancy. He is also the co-lead for the SingHealth Maternal Medicine Network to promote joint collaborations among various medical sub-specialties for multi-disciplinary care. Dr Ryan received several service awards including the Singhealth Silver Quality award twice, ‘Service from the Heart’ award, ‘COVID Team Award', and 'Resilience Medal’ for excellent clinical service rendered in patient care.His main research interests focus on interventional lifestyle changes in improving obstetric outcomes in women with gestational diabetes and enhancing pregnancy outcomes. He is an Integrated Platform for Research in Advancing Metabolic Health Outcomes in Women and Children (IPRAMHO) investigator to develop excellent models of metabolic care. He was previously awarded the NMRC health research scholarship, graduating with a Masters of Clinical Investigation from the National University of Singapore. He was also awarded the Duke-NUS academic medical grant and National Medical Research Council New Investigator Grant (NIG) studying the ‘Functional roles of plasma micronutrients in obese women receiving nutrition intervention during preconception and early pregnancy. He presented at numerous international conferences and published numerous papers in reputable peer-reviewed journals.Besides research, Dr Ryan has an incessant passion for teaching and was previously awarded the Inspiring Resident-Educator award. He was appointed as a SingHealth residency physician facilitator and Duke-NUS Clinical assistant professor where he receives commendable accolades from students. He is happily married with 2 children whom he cherishes spending quality time with.Media:<ul><li><a href="https://www.channelnewsasia.com/commentary/singapore-unplanned-pregnancies-abortions-contraceptive-pill-4032436" target="_blank">CNA Commentary: What’s behind the rise in unplanned pregnancies in Singapore?</a></li><li><a href="https://www.8world.com/singapore/christmas-baby-2659341" target="_blank">8world: 凌晨零点零分诞生 新手父母喜迎圣诞宝宝</a> (Thomson Medical Welcomes First Baby of Christmas)</li></ul>

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Dr Ryan Lee Wai Kheong

Dr Lawrence Ang is an Obstetrician and Gynaecologist at <a href="https://www.thomsonmedical.com/centres/women-clinic" target="_self">Thomson Women's Clinic</a> (Sembawang), providing specialised care in the field of general O&amp;G.Dr Ang has over 20 years of experiences. In the year 1990, he completed and obtained his MBBS from the National University of Singapore. Subsequently, in 1996, he completed his MRCOG from the Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists, United Kingdom. In the same year, he also completed his M Med (O&amp;G) from the National University of Singapore. Dr Ang obtained his MRACOG from the Royal Australian College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists, Australia the following year.His passion is to care for women during pregnancy (antenatal care) and after birth (postnatal care). Dr Ang manages complex or high-risk pregnancies and births and can perform interventions and caesareans.Dr Ang has a special interest in laparoscopic surgery, and specialises in removing Cysts and Fibroids. He is open to any new modalities of treatment and is prepared to tailor the treatment to suit your needs and condition to achieve the optimal outcome for you and your family. He strongly believes in holistic care for the patient and her immediate family and regards the latter as an integral part of the patient-doctor relationship.

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Dr Lawrence Ang

Dr Wong Mun Tat is a Specialist in Obstetrics and <a href="https://www.thomsonmedical.com/women-health/gynaecology" target="_blank">Gynaecology</a> (O&amp;G), at <a href="https://www.thomsonmedical.com/centres/women-clinic" target="_self">Thomson Women’s Clinic</a> (Bukit Batok).Dr Wong has dedicated his career to the care of pregnancy and women's health. After receiving his degree in Medicine and Surgery, he completed his internship and residency at National University Hospital. Following which, he was accepted into the Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists in London.He has experience in clinical and surgical obstetrics that include antenatal ultrasound, natural childbirth and assisted delivery. He is extensively trained in gynaecological surgery. His O&amp;G expertise and interest expand beyond pregnancy and <a href="https://www.thomsonmedical.com/blog/pregnancy/baby-delivery" target="_blank">childbirth</a>.He believes wholeheartedly in adopting a holistic approach towards women's health; prevention and early detection of gynaecological cancers constitute a significant part of this belief. He advocates vaccination (against cancer-associated viruses), routine women's health screening including <a href="https://www.thomsonmedical.com/blog/womens-health/pap-smear" target="_blank">Pap smear</a>, pelvic ultrasound, and <a href="https://www.thomsonmedical.com/blog/womens-health/breast-screening-mammogram-ultrasound" target="_blank">mammogram</a>, as well as healthy eating and leading an active lifestyle.His other areas of expertise are managing high-risk patients and <a href="https://www.thomsonmedical.com/blog/womens-health/menopause-treatments" target="_blank">menopause treatment</a>.

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Dr Wong Mun Tat

Dr Woo Bit Hwa is an Obstetrician and Gynaecologist, at <a href="https://www.thomsonmedical.com/centres/women-clinic" target="_self">Thomson Women’s Clinic</a> (Punggol and Tiong Bahru).Dr Woo obtained his basic medical degrees (MBBS) from National University of Singapore in 1990. He then served in Alexandra Hospital, Singapore General Hospital, and KK Hospital from 1990 to 2001. In 1996, he obtained his postgraduate degrees, MRCOG (United Kingdom) and MMed (O&amp;G)(Singapore). He left KK Hospital in 2001 to start his private practice.During his years in KK Hospital, he was extensively and deeply involved in the care of patients with high-risk pregnancies as well as pregnancies with antenatally diagnosed birth defects. He maintained and did research on both the KK Hospital Birth Defect Registry and the National Birth Defect Registry. He is equally experienced in the management of common gynaecological conditions such as fibroids, ovarian cysts, endometriosis, menopause, and menstrual problems.He is also proficient in gynaecological surgeries and minimally invasive (laparoscopic) surgeries. Dr Woo is highly regarded as a competent, caring, and dedicated doctor. He is also very meticulous in his work to ensure the best care for all his patients.

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Dr Woo Bit Hwa

Since 1 January 2012, Dr Loh Seong Feei has headed our team of embryologists, nurses, and allied health professionals. Prior to joining Thomson Fertility Centre, Dr Loh held the position of Head and Senior Consultant in the Department of Reproductive Medicine at KK Women's and Children's Hospital, where he was also Director of the KKIVF Centre.Dr Loh is very experienced in caring for high-risk pregnancies. He is also one of a few surgeons in Singapore to have performed a laparoscopic or keyhole reversal of tubal ligation.Dr Loh was the Chairman of the Reproductive Medicine Section of the College of O&amp;G, Singapore. He also chaired the Ministry of Health and College of O&amp;G joint committee for the development of clinical practice guidelines in infertility. He has also served as an Associate Professor (Adjunct) in the Duke-NUS Medical School.Dr Loh's dedication to patient care has earned him a KK Hospital's Service from the Heart award and an Excellent Service Award (Star).

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Dr Loh Seong Feei

Dr Janice Tung obtained her medical degree from the National University of Singapore, where she received the SS Ratnam Book Prize by the O&amp;G Society of Singapore for topping her cohort in Obstetrics and Gynaecology (O&amp;G). She subsequently completed her post-graduate specialty training in the SingHealth Residency Programme for O&amp;G, and attained her accreditation as a Specialist in O&amp;G by the Specialists Accreditation Board (Ministry of Health, Singapore). Dr Janice is currently a member of the Royal College of Obstetrics and Gynaecology (UK).Dr Janice was previously an Associate Consultant of the Department of O&amp;G in KK Women’s and Children’s Hospital (KKH). She was also appointed clinical faculty of Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, and Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, and have received the Inspiring Resident-Educator Award (SingHealth) for her contributions to medical student and Residency education.Dr Janice’s extensive experience in managing a wide variety of gynaecological conditions and antenatal care include high-risk pregnancies, with her interests lying in subfertility issues, fertility preservation, and pregnancy-related complications such as preterm labour, minimally invasive surgery and vulvar disease. She received the prestigious SingHealth Foundation Research Grant Award and the SingHealth Duke-NUS O&amp;G Academic Clinical Programme (ACP) Grant Awards for her work on improving ovarian conservation in laparoscopic cystectomies, as well as labour induction and preterm labour. Dr Janice remains dedicated to providing a value-based, holistic, fulfilling and positive pregnancy experience for women as an Obstetrician, and the best care for her patients as a Doctor.

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Dr Janice Tung

Dr. T.C. Chang is an Obstetrician and Gynaecologist who practices at SWC Gynae Associates, Thomson Medical Centre, Singapore. Dr. Chang has been in medical practice since 1986, with more than 25 years of experience as a specialist in <a href="https://www.thomsonmedical.com/speciality/obstetrics-gynaecology" target="_blank">Obstetrics and Gynaecology</a>.Dr. Chang started his undergraduate medical student days at Guy's Hospital Medical School, University of London in 1980. He graduated in 1985 and worked at various London teaching hospitals (Guys, Lewisham, Hammersmith, Charing Cross, Kings College and University College Hospital London) for 8 years, between 1985 and 1993. In 1990, having successfully passed examinations in Obstetrics and Gynaecology, as well as Surgery, he was admitted as a Member of the Royal College of O &amp; G, UK, and Fellow of the Royal College of Surgeons, Glasgow, UK. Between 1991 and 1993, he did obstetric ultrasound research at University College Hospital, London, which led to his submission of a Doctorate (MD) thesis on "Serial Ultrasound Assessment of the Growth Restricted Fetus". He was awarded the MD by the University of London, in April 1994.Dr. Chang has been working in Singapore since 1994 at the KK Women's Hospital from (1994-1998) and in Thomson Medical Centre since 1998. He was made a Consultant Obstetrician and Gynaecologist, Department of Maternal Fetal Medicine, KK Hospital in 1997 and was a Visiting Consultant to that Department from 1998 to 2006. From 1998 - 2020, he was the Head of the Fetal Assessment Unit (Centre for Prenatal Diagnosis and Obstetric Ultrasound) at Thomson Medical Centre. In 2005, Dr Chang spent time as an Associate Professor in Obstetrics and Gynaecology at the University of Auckland, New Zealand and worked as a Consultant in National Women's Health, Auckland City Hospital. Between 2007 and 2009, Dr Chang was the President of the College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists, Singapore. Dr Chang was also recently appointed as the Medical Director for Fetal Assessment Unit (FAU), Thomson Medical Centre, effective from 1 Feb 2024.His interests are in the medical and surgical management of <a href="https://www.thomsonmedical.com/find-a-doctor/high-risk-pregnancy" target="_blank">high-risk pregnancies</a>, ultrasound assessment of the at-risk fetus, invasive prenatal diagnostic procedures and gynaecological laparoscopic surgery. Dr Chang has admitting rights to 6 private hospitals in Singapore but does most of his obstetric deliveries and surgical operations at Thomson Medical Centre.

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Dr Chang Tou Choong

Dr Anupriya Agarwal is an award-winning senior obstetrician and gynecologist.Dr Anupriya came to Singapore as a trailing spouse having attained her membership to the Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists, UK in 2002.She worked at the National University Hospital for 17 years and was a senior IVF specialist and the Head of Benign Gynecology Department before leaving for private practice in 2021.She has over 25 years of experience in doing high-risk obstetrics and complex gynecological surgeries and is one of the most sought-after IVF practitioners in Singapore, having helped women with complex gynecological issues, like polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) and endometriosis, achieve their dream of motherhood.Dr Anupriya is an accomplished advanced laparoscopic and hysteroscopic surgeon. She led the fertility preservation program in Singapore and gained recognition for having successfully performed Asia’s first ovarian tissue cryopreservation and reimplantation in a menopausal cancer patient, resulting in two spontaneous pregnancies and livebirths and for this, was awarded the prestigious “Hind Rattan” award, given to distinguished select Non-Resident Indians every year.A firm believer of holistic care in pregnancy and natural birthing, over the years she has helped women achieve their dream of a natural birth, including water birth.She is passionate about giving back to the society and received the President’s Volunteerism and Philanthropy Award in October 2020 from the honorable President of Singapore for her untiring philanthropic work for healthcare and migrant workers during the COVID pandemic.Clinical interests:<ul><li>Infertility</li><li>Advanced laparoscopic and hysteroscopic surgery</li><li>Recurrent pregnancy loss</li><li>Polycystic ovarian syndrome</li><li>Endometriosis</li><li>High-risk obstetrics </li></ul>

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Dr Anupriya Agarwal

Dr. Chen Lin Han has more than 30 years of experience in Obstetrics and Gynaecology. He is experienced in all aspects of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, and received training in high-risk obstetrics, antenatal invasive diagnostic procedures and medical condition management in pregnancy. He has a special interest in the management of menopause.

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Dr Chen Lin Han

Dr. Edwin WH Thia received his MBBS from the National University of Singapore in 2000 and obtained his post graduate degrees MRCOG (UK), MMed (Obstetrics &amp; Gynaecology, Singapore) in 2008. Thereafter, he achieved Specialist Accreditation with the Ministry of Health Singapore and with the Singapore Medical Council in 2010. He is a Fellow with the Academy of Medicine, College of Obstetricians &amp; Gynaeologists, Singapore. He is the former Deputy Head and Senior Consultant for the Department of Maternal Fetal Medicine and the former Head of Obstetrics Ultrasound and Prenatal Diagnosis Unit for the Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology at KK Women’s &amp; Children’s Hospital. He is also currently a Visiting Consultant to KK Women’s &amp; Children’s Hospital. His clinical practice encompasses all aspects of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, including minimally invasive surgeries. His interests are in the management of high-risk pregnancies, ultrasound assessment of the at-risk fetus, invasive prenatal diagnostic (amniocentesis and chorionic villus sampling) and invasive prenatal therapeutic procedures. He has special interest in complicated pregnancies including monochorionic twins, fetal growth restrictions and fetal anomalies. He has contributed actively towards education. He was the Chairperson of the 9th and 10th Regional MRCOG preparatory Course for all local and regional O&amp;G trainees and was awarded the Outstanding Faculty Award – Residency in Singhealth Excels (RiSE) Awards 2015 which recognizes the top 5% Faculty nominated by the Singhealth OBGYN ACP for his commitment and contribution to Residency. He has been a member (since 2010) and the Chairperson (since 2016) of the Scientiﬁc Committee for the Singapore ISUOG (International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology) Course. He is also a member of the local organizing committee of the 28th World ISUOG Congress to be held in Singapore in 2018. For the delivery of quality care and excellent service to his patients, he was duly recognized with various quality service awards – 2009 National Excellence Service Silver Award, 2014 KKH Service from the Heart Awards and 2011 Singapore Health Quality Service Silver Award. He was awarded prestigious the Singapore Health Quality Service Award – Star Award in 2013.

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Dr Edwin Thia Wee Hong

Dr Jonathan Wee is a Consultant Obstetrician and Gynecologist.Dr Wee graduated from the National University of Singapore with the degree of MBBS and attained Membership in the Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists in London, UK. He was also conferred the postgraduate degree of Master of Medicine in Obstetrics and Gynaecology (Singapore) and is a Fellow of the Chapter of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Academy of Medicine (Singapore). He is also a member of the Obstetrics and Gynaecology Society of Singapore and a member of the Singapore Medical Association. He is also a certified Colposcopist and a member of the Society for Colposcopy &amp; Cervical Pathology of Singapore.Dr Jonathan Wee has a special interest in Minimally Invasive Surgery. He has worked in all 3 Restructured Hospitals with Maternity Units in Singapore, namely KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore General Hospital and National University Hospital. Trained mainly in KK Hospital, Dr Wee was a member of the Minimally Invasive Unit and is highly proficient in both endoscopic and open surgery for a multitude of gynaecological conditions. He is also a Specialist Obstetrician, having managed many low-risk and high-risk pregnancies over the years. He is also an accredited IVF clinician and skilled in a wide range of fertility treatments including intrauterine insemination and In Vitro Fertilization(IVF).Dr Wee also has a keen interest in teaching, education, and research. He has participated and presented at numerous local and international workshops and congresses and has also published papers in several journals. He was a member of the Faculty organizing local courses for the MRCOG examinations and is also a member of the Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine Clinical Faculty and has been a Clinical Tutor to medical students and Residents since 2012. Aside from numerous compliments and commendations from colleagues and patients alike, Dr Wee was also given the Outstanding Faculty Award for his contributions to teaching Residents for the year 2013 at the RiSE (Residency in Singhealth Excels!) Awards ceremony 2014.A proud father of two, Dr Jonathan Wee is both a caring and compassionate Obstetrician and Gynaecologist with countless compliments and testaments to his quality of service.

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Dr Jonathan Wee

Dr Kanika has been practicing Obstetrics and Gynaecology for the past 30 years. After her Membership (RCOG), her core training has been at National University Hospital, Singapore. She has been practicing in the private sector for the past 10 years after completing her specialist training at National University Hospital, Singapore.Her clinic is at Astra Women's Specialist Clinic, Toa Payoh. She sees pregnant ladies, and general gynaecology patients and also, has a large cohort of subfertility patients. Her special interest is in high-risk pregnancy.Dr Kanika is accredited to all private hospitals in Singapore. She is also a Visiting Consultant at National University Hospital.

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Dr Kanika Chaudhuri

Dr Tan Eng Loy is a board-certified obstetrician and gynecologist in Singapore.He completed undergraduate studies at the National University of Singapore and earned his post-graduate qualifications with the National University of Singapore as well as the Royal College of Obstetricians &amp; Gynaecologists (RCOG) in the UK. He is recognised as a specialist obstetrician and gynaecologist by the Specialist Accreditation Board, Ministry of Health, Singapore. He was admitted as a Fellow of the Royal College of Obstetricians &amp; Gynaecologists in 2018 for advancing the science and art of obstetrics and gynaecology.&nbsp;Experienced in pregnancy care, natural deliveries, caesarean sections ("C-sections"), management of breech babies at term (including external cephalic version, ECV), general women’s health, women's health screening, menopause-care, contraception &amp; benign gynaecological surgery, Dr Tan also has a special interest in&nbsp;high-risk pregnancy&nbsp;care.&nbsp; An obstetrician dedicated to providing personalised maternity care, he is a strong advocate for maternal choice and strives to help expectant mothers go through their childbirth experience in a safe, positive and life-enhancing manner.&nbsp;

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Dr Tan Eng Loy

Dr Tan Kai Lit is an Obstetrician and Gynaecologist and <a href="https://www.thomsonmedical.com/find-a-doctor/maternal-fetal-medicine-specialists" target="_blank">Maternal Fetal Medicine</a> Clinician with KL Tan Clinic &amp; Surgery for Women. He has a special interest in medical and surgical management of high-risk pregnancies (e.g. twins), ultrasound assessment of at-risk fetuses and invasive prenatal diagnostic procedures Since 1 February 2020, Dr Tan was also appointed the Head of the Fetal Assessment and Ultrasound Department at Thomson Medical Pte Ltd (TMPL). Dr Tan has been in medical practice since 2003. Prior to joining Thomson Medical Centre, he has served at various hospitals comprising Whittington Hospital (London), National University Hospital Singapore and most recently KK Women's and Children's Hospital where he was a Consultant and Adjunct Assistant Professor. He held teaching positions in Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School and Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine. Awarded the Health Manpower Development Programme (HMDP) by Singhealth, he pursued further training in Fetal Medicine, in particular fetoscopy/fetal intervention in Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Spain, an eminent centre internationally. There, he honed his skills in fetal echocardiography, neurosonography, prenatal diagnosis, fetal surgical pathologies, multiple pregnancies and growth restriction. He is also trained in gynaecological open and laparoscopic surgery. Dr Tan was involved in extensive obstetric research projects in obstetrics and gynaecology. Awarded the National Medical Research Council award, he looked into the correlation of reduction in growth velocity with perinatal outcomes. To unwind, he enjoys running, swimming and playing the guitar and drums. He is married with two young children.

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Dr Tan Kai Lit

Professor George SH Yeo is a domain expert in Fetal Medicine, and has in-depth experience in the management of birth defects, prenatal ultrasound, prenatal diagnosis, and fetal surgery. Prof Yeo was tasked to develop the subspecialty of Fetal Medicine as the head of the Maternal Fetal Medicine Department at the KK Hospital in 1993*. He became the Chief of Obstetrics from 2000 to 2019. He set up his private practice, The Prenatal Consultants at Mount Elizabeth Novena Specialist Centre in November 2019. Prof Yeo is currently a Visiting Consultant to the Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology at the KK Women’s &amp; Children’s Hospital. He is also a Professor at Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School and Clinical Associate Professor at Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore. Contributions to the care of pregnant women in Singapore Professor Yeo organised the First International Scientiﬁc Meeting of ISUOG in 2004, started the first Singapore ISUOG-Outreach Course in 2005, and directed the programmes at the ISUOG Teaching and Training Centre in Singapore. He chaired the ISUOG World Congress in Singapore in 2018 and he has been the organising Chairman of the annual Singapore ISUOG Approved Course for the last 15 years. Professor Yeo is an early pioneer of Maternal Fetal Medicine in Singapore. His pursuit of excellence has led to many merits including high practice standards in:<ol><li>Obstetrics ultrasound, screening, diagnosis, and intervention.</li><li>Antenatal invasive procedures such as<ol><li>amniocentesis and chorionic villous sampling,</li><li>fetal blood sampling and fetal transfusion,</li><li>laser photocoagulation for the treatment of Twin-to-Twin Transfusion,</li><li>fetal chest shunting and other fetal surgery like cord ligation etc.</li></ol></li><li>The care for high-risk pregnancy<ol><li>management of intra-uterine growth restriction,</li><li>prevention of severe pre-eclampsia and eclampsia,</li><li>prevention of postpartum hemorrhage,</li><li>rescue Cerclage for cervical incompetence.</li></ol></li></ol>*Professor Yeo was the Director of the Antenatal Diagnostic Centre, at KK Hospital from 1993 to 2019. He was the first clinician to successfully conduct in-utero fetal transfusion and laser photocoagulation for Twin-to-Twin Transfusion in Singapore and is still among the very few clinicians proficient at these procedures here.Research AchievementsProfessor Yeo has a long-standing interest in clinical research stretching back more than 30 years. He has published widely in many areas of obstetrics and gynaecology. He has initiated numerous research projects, including collaborative research with international bodies, and is still involved in many clinical research projects.He has more than 200 papers and abstracts in indexed journals and speaks regularly to schools as well as national and international conferences. He also has a RG Score of 41.12 and Google Scholar citations of 8994.

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Prof George Yeo Seow Heong

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Breast lumps during pregnancy are very common. The expectant mother will experience many normal physiological changes ― an increase in breast size, more obvious sweat glands around the nipples, a darkening of the areola ― all of which will prepare her body for breastfeeding.Common non-cancerous variations to breasts include hormonal changes (fibrocystic changes), fibroadenomas, cysts, lipomas, accessory (extra) breast tissue. Pregnancy-related breast cancers make up about 3 per cent of all breast cancers.Whenever a pregnant woman feels a lump, she should see a doctor to get their opinion, keeping in mind that most times it will turn out to be nothing serious!<h2>What the doctor will do</h2>When you see the doctor, she will ask details as to how you detected the lump, how long it has been present and if you have detected any changes, so as to get an idea what the lump is likely to be.Next, the doctor will conduct a breast examination to confirm the presence of the lump, and check for any other symptoms such as skin changes or nipple discharge.Most patients will then be recommended to get an ultrasound scan ― this will give additional information as to whether this lump is benign or cancerous. If there is any concern that the lump may be cancerous, your doctor will advise you as to the pros and cons of having a biopsy, which can be done safely even during pregnancy.“If a pregnant women detects a lump, I would advise them to have a thorough consultation and a physical examination, followed by an ultrasound. If necessary, I would then perform a biopsy.”<h2>Breast cancer screening during pregnancy</h2>A screening checks for cancer even when a patient is feeling well and has absolutely no cancer signs or symptoms. For breast cancer screening, most countries, including Singapore, recommend mammogram screening from age 50 onwards. For women who are at higher risk, this may start at 40. Some specialists will recommend a supplementary ultrasound as well.If a pregnant women detects a lump, I would advise them to have a thorough consultation and a physical examination, followed by an ultrasound. If necessary, I would then perform a biopsy.<h2>Screening methods (Mammograms/Ultrasound)</h2>Ultrasound, the same technology used to monitor the baby during pregnancy, is safe and useful in detecting lumps, and to check if it’s solid or cystic. Most specialists do not use ultrasound as a screening method as the majority of such lumps it detects are not cancerous.A diagnostic ultrasound can still be performed safely on pregnant women to assess their breast lump. If a subsequent biopsy confirms a cancer, she may then need a baseline mammogram, after discussing the pros and cons with her doctor. This is because early stage breast cancer may not form a lump yet, but may attract calcium spots, which can be detected using a mammogram. An abdominal lead apron may be used to reduce the baby’s exposure to radiation.<h2>Breast cancer treatment</h2>If the biopsy shows that the lump is non-cancerous (benign), then it may be left alone.However, if the biopsy shows that it is cancerous, the breast cancer treatment protocols will be modified for the expectant woman. Staging* has to be conducted to find out if the cancer has spread to other parts of the body, but only with liver ultrasound and chest X-ray. Depending on which trimester of the pregnancy she is in, the breast surgeon, oncologist and the ob-gyn will discuss what is best for the patient and her baby.Chemotherapy may be administered from the second trimester onwards, followed by surgery after she deliver the baby. As such management of the patient’s treatment is complex, it will involve good multidisciplinary care by experienced doctors.*Staging is a way to describe where the cancer is located, how much the cancer has grown, and if or where it has spread.

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Although common breast changes are normal in pregnancy, finding a lump can be worrying. Learn what are the recommended next steps, and when you should worry.

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Breast Lumps During Pregnancy: What to Expect and Do

“It all started with a persistent pain in the left breast, and I was referred by my General Practitioner for a mammogram and ultrasound. Both the mammogram and ultrasound results showed an abnormal lump, and I was further scheduled for a breast biopsy to determine if the lump was benign or malignant. Questions started to fill my mind. What is breast biopsy and how is it performed? And is it painful?”For many patients, pain is a very common symptom and is the most common complaint that brings them to see a doctor. For a small group, there happens to be an abnormal lump found that needs a biopsy. Most times, pain is not a sign of cancer, and any lumps found may not be the cause of the breast pain you experienced.Some of us may face a similar situation when a lump is detected. It is normal to have many questions. This article aims to address some of your preliminary questions while you arrange for a consult with a professional specialist. It is important to seek timely professional diagnosis and treatment.Here’s what you need to know about a breast biopsy and what to expect.<h2>What is a breast biopsy?</h2>A breast biopsy is a process where a small sample of breast tissue is removed through a special biopsy needle. The tissue samples removed from the breast lump will be further examined under a microscope. Typically, the breast biopsy is performed if there is an abnormality detected from your previous mammograms or breast ultrasounds. The goal of the biopsy is to determine what the abnormality is and the best treatment to move forward with.Although ultrasounds and mammograms are useful ways to identify breast lumps, a breast biopsy is the <a href="https://www.mayoclinic.org/tests-procedures/breast-biopsy/about/pac-20384812" target="_self">only way to confirm</a> what the lump is. Breast screening is to be done, even if you are well and have no symptoms at all, and annual mammograms should start from age 40.If you experience any symptoms, please see a doctor for early diagnostic imaging tests:<ul><li>Breast lump</li><li>Changes in the colour or contour of the breast or nipple or dimpling of skin</li><li>Discharge from the nipple</li></ul>Most breast biopsies are quick and painless. Many of the breast lumps may turn out to be benign as there are a variety of conditions that can cause lumps in the breast. However, your doctor will usually want to take precautions and order breast screening tests to rule out early breast cancer.<h2>How to prepare for a breast biopsy?</h2>Before your breast biopsy, you can prepare by informing your breast surgeon if you:<ul><li>Have any allergies</li><li>Are taking any <a href="https://www.ucsfhealth.org/education/biopsy-for-breast-cancer-diagnosis-surgical-breast-biopsy" target="_self">blood-thinning medications</a></li><li>Have consumed <a href="https://www.ucsfhealth.org/education/biopsy-for-breast-cancer-diagnosis-surgical-breast-biopsy" target="_self">aspirin</a> in the last seven days</li><li>Not able to lie face down for more than an hour</li></ul>You will likely meet with your specialist prior to the procedure. Your doctor would be able to advise you on the procedure and give you advice such as:<ul><li>What type of breast biopsy procedure will be done?</li><li>What is the location of my biopsy?</li><li>Will a part or all of the lump be extracted?</li><li>Will it leave a scar?</li><li>How soon will I receive my results?</li><li>How soon can I resume normal activities?</li><li>What type of anaesthesia will be used?</li></ul>Make sure to wear a <a href="https://www.ucsfhealth.org/education/biopsy-for-breast-cancer-diagnosis-surgical-breast-biopsy" target="_self">sports bra and loose clothing</a> to have ease in dressing after the procedure. You may also want to have a designated driver or someone to accompany you home safely.<h2>What are the different types of breast biopsies and how are they performed?</h2>Once your breast surgeon decides that a biopsy is needed, they will determine the best type of biopsy for your situation. There are a few breast biopsy procedures to obtain samples of a patient’s breast lumps. Your breast surgeon will recommend based on the location, size, and other characteristics of the breast abnormality.Your breast surgeon will take a tissue sample either through a minimally invasive biopsy procedure or surgery. Minimally invasive procedures are ideal because they offer:<ul><li>Less pain</li><li>Less scarring</li><li>Faster recovery time</li><li>Lower risk of infection</li><li>Lower hospital costs</li><li>Able to return to usual activities quickly</li></ul><h3>Ultrasound-guided breast biopsy</h3>This procedure is performed through ultrasound guidance. An ultrasound is a method that utilises high-frequency sound waves to generate precise images.The breast surgeon will locate the lump within the patient’s breasts using the breast ultrasound device before a small incision is made for the biopsy needle to retrieve tissue samples. With an ultrasound-guided breast biopsy, the breast surgeon can identify <a href="https://www.radiologyinfo.org/en/info/breastbius" target="_self">lumps near the chest wall or under the arms</a>.It can be used in conjunction with <a href="https://www.radiologyinfo.org/en/info/breastbius" target="_self">vacuum-assisted core biopsy, core needle biopsy, or fine needle aspiration biopsy</a>. This ultrasound-guided breast biopsy procedure is also more cost-effective than other methods like open surgical biopsy.<h3>Stereotactic biopsy</h3><img src="https://images.contentstack.io/v3/assets/blt5f400315f9e4f0b3/bltdc27a561fa0c5072/6545217008cc0104077ce311/Stereotactic_Biopsy.jpeg?branch=uat_release_3" height="auto"/>With a stereotactic biopsy, a 3D image of the breast is created from the mammogram results. The doctor uses the image to pinpoint the exact location of the suspected breast lump and guides the needle there.The patient will lay <a href="https://www.healthline.com/health/breast-biopsy-stereotactic#procedure" target="_self">facing down on a padded biopsy table</a> with one of the breasts positioned in the hole in the table. The patient’s breast will be compressed with two plates while the biopsy site is located using a targeted mammogram. The breast surgeon or radiologist will then create a small incision into the biopsy site and insert a large core needle to remove tissue samples.<h3>RI-guided core needle biopsy</h3>Instead of using an ultrasound device, a biopsy can be performed under the guidance of an MRI. This imaging device captures cross-sectional images of the breast so that the hollow needle can be guided to the site of the breast lump. This procedure can be <a href="https://www.radiologyinfo.org/en/info/breastbimr" target="_self">used with core needle biopsy, vacuum-assisted core biopsy, or wire localisation</a>.he different types of breast biopsy vary in terms of how invasive the procedure it can be. Your breast surgeon will advise on the procedure that is the best for you.<h3>Open (surgical) biopsy</h3><img src="https://images.contentstack.io/v3/assets/blt5f400315f9e4f0b3/blt4155c1fcecc004d3/654521990970dd001bd16e10/Open_(Surgical)_Biopsy.png?branch=uat_release_3" height="auto"/>The breast surgeon will remove part or the entire lump. If the lump is small and deep, a very thin needle and a thin wire will be <a href="https://www.cancer.org/cancer/breast-cancer/screening-tests-and-early-detection/breast-biopsy/surgical-breast-biopsy.html" target="_self">placed inside the breast</a> before the operation to help guide the breast surgeon.Generally, a surgical biopsy is performed in an operating room usually under general anaesthesia.<h3>Fine needle aspiration (FNA) cytology</h3>In this procedure, a thin needle attached to a syringe is inserted into the breast lumps. The syringe will collect the sample of fluid or cells from the lump and small tissue samples are removed. Your doctor will advise if this is suitable for you.<h3>Sentinel node biopsy</h3>This procedure removes the <a href="https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/diagnosis-staging/staging/sentinel-node-biopsy-fact-sheet" target="_self">sentinel lymph node</a> or the first node to which cancer cells are most likely to spread. The surgeon uses blue dye or a radioactive tracer to identify the node. Then, the node is removed and tested for cancer. Cancer could have spread to other lymph nodes if the sentinel node tests positive. However, if it is negative, the likelihood of cancer spreading to other lymph nodes is lower.<h3>Vacuum-assisted core biopsy</h3>This procedure is performed with an ultrasound or mammogram unit and can be seen as an upgraded form of the core needle biopsy. Like the core biopsy, a larger needle is used and allows for several tissue samples to be taken at one time.<a href="https://www.insideradiology.com.au/vacuum-assisted-core-biopsy" target="_self">A probe or hollow tube is inserted into a cut made on the skin</a>. Then, a vacuum-assisted device is used to pull the tissue into the needle while a rotating cutting device takes the sample. Using a suction device is beneficial because it can get more cells and fluid through the needle, which cuts down on the number of times the needle will need to be inserted to retrieve multiple samples.<h2>Benefits and risks of breast biopsy</h2>Before proceeding with breast biopsy procedures, you may want to discuss with the breast surgeon and weigh the benefits and risks to determine the suitable procedure that is right for you. Fortunately, most procedures are less invasive compared to surgical biopsy and some will leave minimal to no scarring. The biopsy results will indicate whether the breast lump is malignant or benign which would either allow you to rest easy or quickly get the treatment that you need.Although these procedures are generally safe, there are some risks involved. Possible complications that can incur from a breast biopsy include:<ul><li>Mild pain and bruising</li><li>Infection</li><li>Prolonged bleeding</li><li>Soreness at the biopsy site</li></ul>Many of these side effects are simply temporary. However, if they persist, contact your breast surgeon for treatment. Generally, following the aftercare instructions will greatly reduce these risks and limit the odds of infection.<h2>FAQ</h2><h3>Why is a breast biopsy done?</h3>A breast biopsy can be done for several reasons:<ul><li>To identify any lumps in your breast</li><li>To check for the potential causes of any nipple problems such as bloody discharge</li><li>To evaluate whether the breast lump or breast mass is cancerous or non-cancerous.</li><li>To check the severity of a problem seen from the breast imaging results, such as a fluid-filled cyst or calcium deposits in breast tissue (microcalcifications)</li></ul><h3>How often are breast biopsies positive for cancer?</h3>&gt; 80% of the patients who undergo the biopsy procedure do not have cancer, while only &lt; 20% of breast biopsies are malignant. When the results are negative, the breast lump is benign.<h3>Does a breast biopsy hurt?</h3>The breast surgeon may use local anaesthesia to help numb the biopsy area during the procedure. It may be slightly uncomfortable, but most patients describe it as tolerable. Once the site is numb from the local anaesthetic, one should only feel pressure but no pain from the biopsy.Typically, only local anaesthesia is required. However, general anaesthesia may be used in severe cases, meaning the entire body is numbed.<h3>How long does it take to recover from breast biopsy?</h3>Biopsy procedures do not cause significant pain to your body. However, you may experience some bruising, tenderness, or soreness for a few days after the biopsy procedure. Patients can take non-aspirin pain relievers that contain acetaminophen and apply cold packs to help ease the pain and discomfort. However, it can take longer to recover from surgical removal procedures when compared to nonsurgical procedures.With all breast biopsy procedures, except for the surgical biopsy, you will be able to go home without a patient caregiver. You will likely have bandages and a cold pack over the biopsy site. Most patients can resume usual activities within a day after the procedure.Tell your breast surgeon if you notice the following problems after the biopsy:<ul><li>Pain that gets worse</li><li>Chills or fever</li><li>Swelling, redness, drainage, or bleeding</li></ul><h3>How soon should you expect to receive your breast biopsy results?</h3><img src="https://images.contentstack.io/v3/assets/blt5f400315f9e4f0b3/blt3ce74f2f0f705f43/654521d254447604077cfdc6/Breast_Biopsy.jpeg?branch=uat_release_3" height="auto"/>Once the procedure is done, the breast tissue samples are sent to the lab. A pathologist will evaluate the samples using specialised tools and then create a report to send to the breast surgeon, who will share the results with you.Generally, it takes a few days before the results are ready. However, it can take as long as two weeks before the test results are available if the lab needs more time to process your specimen.Sometimes a clear diagnosis is not possible based on the sample given. In this scenario, you may need another biopsy performed so that the breast surgeon can obtain more breast tissue for further evaluation.The results will share details about the consistency and size of the breast tissue samples, the location of the biopsy site, and whether there are cancer cells present. If it is malignant, the report will detail the type of breast cancer you have. Based on the findings, your breast surgeon will advise on the next steps for treatment.<h2>Book Your Appointment at Thomson Breast Centre</h2>Prevention is always better than cure! Our clinical team at <a href="https://www.thomsonmedical.com/breast" target="_blank">Thomson Breast Centre</a> offers different services for all <a href="https://www.thomsonmedical.com/blog/womens-health/breast-screening-mammogram-ultrasound" target="_blank">breast screening</a> needs with the assurance that you will be well taken care of. It is important to detect signs of breast cancer early. The sooner it is detected, the faster the treatment can start. At Thomson Medical, our doctors will evaluate the lump and provide the appropriate tests for diagnosis.Most patients start with a specialist consultation for a personalised clinical breast assessment. We offer a wide range of biopsy procedures, from minimally invasive removal to more advanced surgical options if a biopsy is needed. Book a specialist consultation with Thomson Breast Centre and start your breast health journey today.

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Thomson Breast CentreCall: <a href="tel:+6562525535" target="_self">6252 5535</a>WhatsApp: <a href="https://api.whatsapp.com/send/?phone=6586688697&text=I+was+browsing+the+Thomson+Medical+website+and+would+like+to+make+an+enquiry.&type=phone_number&app_absent=0" target="_self">8668 8697</a>

Worried about a breast lump? Don't panic. A breast biopsy is a simple procedure that can help determine if the lump is benign or malignant. Learn more about the process and what to expect from this article.

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Everything You Need to Know About Breast Biopsy

Just as there are skin issues that arise during pregnancy, skin conditions can also develop after you give birth. Fortunately, they are largely treatable, so there is no need to fret – your postpartum skin and hair will bounce back in no time. We take a look at some of the most common conditions.<h2>Melasma</h2>Also known as “the mask of pregnancy”, this pigmentation condition is due to increased melanin production and is caused by a combination of genetic and hormonal factors, as well as sun exposure. It tends to affect Asian skin more, appearing as brownish patches over the cheeks, forehead, temples, nasal bridge, upper lips and jawline.It is best controlled by avoiding the sun and with regular use of sunscreen, lightening creams and topical agents, although it can persist in some cases. Other treatments include chemical peeling, intense pulsed light therapy and certain forms of laser therapy. Inform your doctor if you are breastfeeding – certain ingredients such as tretinoin and hydroquinone that can be found in some skincare products should be avoided by breastfeeding mums.<h2>Dermatitis/eczema</h2>Eczema or dermatitis is a relatively common yet noninfectious condition, so it will not spread to your baby. Often it is an aggravation of an underlying sensitive skin condition that has been present for some time. For new mothers, it can also develop as a result of excessive water contact due to frequent handwashing.Use moisturiser regularly to soothe inflamed and itchy skin. Topical steroid creams are prescribed to calm inflamed skin and are safe to use even when breastfeeding. Use a gentle soap substitute and continue to moisturise even after the skin rash has settled.<h2>Stretchmarks</h2>Affecting at least 90 percent of pregnant women, stretchmarks are a form of scarring that appear red when fresh, but most will fade to white after delivery. During pregnancy, intensive use of moisturisers may help the condition, and there are specially formulated stretchmark creams on the market that you can continue using after delivery. For more severe cases, dermatologists may prescribe tretinoin cream to use postpartum when you are not breastfeeding. Some skin-tightening laser treatments are safe options to remove stretchmarks even if you are breastfeeding, but these usually require multiple sessions.<h2>Telogen effluvium</h2>This condition results in hair fall that usually occurs about three months after delivery. Though increased hair fall can be distressing to new mothers, it is almost always a self-limiting condition, and you will usually recover within six months. If you notice increased hair fall, consult a doctor to exclude other causes of hair loss (such as low iron levels). Topical medications can be used if you are not breastfeeding.<h2>Acne</h2>Caused by an inflammation in the facial oil glands, acne may be aggravated by hormonal changes. Most of the time, acne clears within a few weeks or months, but medical treatment should be sought to prevent the risk of scarring. There are many topical agents that can be safely used even when breastfeeding. In more severe cases, oral medications such as antibiotics may be required.

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Postpartum skin problems like melasma, acne, and stretch marks are common but temporary. Learn how to relieve and prevent the 5 most frequent postpartum skin woes.

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