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Thomson Women's Clinic

At Thomson Women’s Clinics, we are committed to providing modern and comprehensive care for women of all ages. Our experienced team of O&amp;G specialists is dedicated to creating a caring environment where your health and well-being are our top priorities. Our specialists provide specialised services on preventive measures, accurate diagnosis, and personalised treatment plans.Whether you need specialised care for women-related conditions or navigating the journey of childbirth, seeking support for family planning and fertility treatments, or requiring compassionate care through menopause, we are here for you.

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Thomson Women’s Clinic

Thomson Paediatric Centre

At Thomson Paediatric Centres, our unwavering commitment is to treat your child with the same level of care and dedication as we would our own. We provide children's healthcare services to alleviate every parent's concerns and ensure the well-being of our next generation. Our experienced team of Paediatricians is devoted to cultivating a caring environment where your child's health is our top priority.Besides General Paediatrics services, we also offer specialised services in Neonatology and Paediatric Cardiology. Our specialist doctors are experienced in areas such as Nutrition, Respiratory, Growth &amp; Development assessment, and Paediatric Urgent Care for babies to young children and adolescents. Trust us to be your partner in safeguarding your child's health and ensuring a compassionate and comprehensive approach to their medical needs.

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Our Paediatricians

Please click on the below links for our Paediatricians' availabilities.
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 <td>Clinic Location</td>
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 <td>Dr Ang Ai Tin</td>
 <td><a href="https://maps.app.goo.gl/XcyrrQBgEW35Rw3f6" target="_blank">Thomson Paediatric Centre (TPC 1)</a></td>
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 <td>Dr Eugene Han</td>
 <td><a href="https://maps.app.goo.gl/odint8UJmba6RBPbA" target="_blank">Thomson Paediatric Centre (TPC 4)</a></td>
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 <td>Dr Grace Lim</td>
 <td><a href="https://maps.app.goo.gl/obLpwmEFumMjMzRz8" target="_blank">Thomson Specialists (Woodleigh)</a> </td>
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 <td>Dr Kenneth Chua Yong Yeow</td>
 <td><a href="https://maps.app.goo.gl/Kp3TYWxzLXkfkkPYA" target="_blank">Thomson Paediatric Centre (Punggol)</a></td>
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 <td>Dr Leo Deng Jin</td>
 <td><a href="https://maps.app.goo.gl/NVzfb9zvkUMvvNxN8" target="_blank">Thomson Paediatric Centre (Bukit Panjang)</a></td>
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 <td>Dr Lim Yang Chern</td>
 <td><a href="https://maps.app.goo.gl/7Ex6ra4NmwHQUopS6" target="_blank">Thomson Paediatric Centre (Jurong)</a></td>
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 <td>Dr Ong Ian</td>
 <td><a href="https://maps.app.goo.gl/78WJoj482r35Af7T9" target="_blank">Thomson Paediatric Centre (Parkway Parade)</a></td>
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 <td>Dr Tan Kuanyang</td>
 <td><a href="https://maps.app.goo.gl/odint8UJmba6RBPbA" target="_blank">Thomson Paediatric Centre (TPC 4)</a></td>
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 <td>Dr Yang Linqi</td>
 <td><a href="https://maps.app.goo.gl/XcyrrQBgEW35Rw3f6" target="_blank">Thomson Paediatric Centre (TPC 1)</a></td>
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Refer to each paediatrician's <a href="https://www.thomsonmedical.com/centres/paediatric-centre/paediatricians-consultation-hours">consultation hours</a> for their availability.

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Thomson Specialists

Thomson Medical offers convenient access to comprehensive specialist outpatient and surgical care for women, children, and families through Thomson Specialists. Our team is dedicated to addressing your unique needs and providing tailored treatment options. Take control of your health today by booking an appointment at any of our Thomson Specialists clinics and embark on a journey towards improved well-being.

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Latest share price, financial performance, and other materials relevant to investors.Read about our <a href="https://assets.contentstack.io/v3/assets/blt5f400315f9e4f0b3/blt5a13f1dd33c615fa/651e7a9aecf48b6d54c38b23/TMG-Investor-Relations-Policy-3Sep2020.pdf?branch=uat_release_3" target="_self">Investor Relations Policy</a>For Investor Relations matters, please email us at <a href="mailto:ir@thomsonmedical.com">ir@thomsonmedical.com</a> Thomson Medical Group Limited 101 Thomson Road #20-04/05, United Square Singapore 307591 Tel: +65 6331 0188 Fax: +65 6331 0180

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<table><tbody><tr><td>Stock symbol</td><td>A50.SI</td></tr><tr><td>Listing</td><td>Singapore Exchange </td></tr><tr><td>Financial Year End</td><td>June 30</td></tr><tr><td>Total issued shares as at 30 June 2023</td><td>26,441,066,807 ordinary shares</td></tr><tr><td>Market capitalisation as at 30 June 2023</td><td>S$1.6 billion</td></tr></tbody></table>

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One of the core concepts of&nbsp;TCM&nbsp;is the Kidney system, which is believed to govern the reproductive system, including male&nbsp;fertility. The Kidney is responsible for storing Jing, a vital substance that is essential for reproductive health and longevity.&nbsp;However, the Kidney system can be weakened due to various factors, including age, stress and poor diet. This can result in challenges such as low sperm count, poor sperm quality (including sperm motility and morphology), and erectile dysfunction.

Kidney Deficiency

The Spleen and Stomach work together to produce Qi and Blood, and transport them throughout the body. When the Spleen is weakened, it fails to generate sufficient Qi and Blood to nourish the body, including the reproductive organs, resulting in male infertility.&nbsp;Furthermore, a weakened Spleen can also lead to the accumulation of dampness and phlegm within the body, disrupting the normal functions of the male reproductive system.&nbsp;

Spleen Deficiency

Male infertility can also be linked to Qi stagnation from TCM’s perspective. It occurs when Qi does not flow smoothly, leading to blockages and imbalances in the body.&nbsp;Often caused by stress, emotional disturbances, poor diet and lifestyle habits, Qi stagnation contributes to issues such as&nbsp;abnormal morphology of the sperm&nbsp;or varicocele.&nbsp;

Qi Stagnation

Imbalances in the body

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Infertility is a complex issue that affects many couples worldwide, and it is a common misconception to solely attribute it to problems in women. It is important to note that male infertility can also be a significant contributing factor. In fact,&nbsp;male infertility is the cause of 50% of couples who struggle with conceiving. Many factors, including lifestyle and environmental changes, can significantly impact male fertility. TCM has long recognised the importance of male fertility and offers a unique perspective on how to improve it.TCM’s perspective on male infertility is based on the principles of balance and harmony within the body. According to TCM, male infertility is often linked to imbalances in the body, which can affect the reproductive system’s function.&nbsp;

TCM Male Infertility 

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Alcohol is considered a damp toxin that can negatively impact male fertility, affecting the liver which is responsible for detoxifying the body and regulating the Qi flow. Cutting down or removing alcohol entirely from your diet reduces the burden on the liver and improves overall Qi and blood circulation. This enhances your reproductive function, including higher sperm count and better sperm quality.&nbsp;

Cut down or remove alcohol from your diet

Environmental factors also play a significant role in male&nbsp;fertility&nbsp;and exposure to excess heat can negatively impact sperm production and quality. Excess heat generated by hot baths, saunas and prolonged exposure to laptops, for example, are some of the common culprits.&nbsp;TCM&nbsp;physicians recommend reducing exposure to excess heat by taking lukewarm showers instead of hot baths, avoiding saunas and hot tubs, and limiting the amount of time spent sitting with a laptop on the lap.

Reduce exposure to excess heat

The food we eat provides our bodies with essential nutrients and energy required for optimal functioning. TCM for fertility believes in a balanced diet which includes consuming fruits, vegetables, whole grains, lean proteins and healthy fats in moderation. It is also recommended to avoid processed and refined foods, as these can increase inflammation in the body, negatively affecting reproductive health.&nbsp;

Consume a healthy and balanced diet

Certain herbs like Gou Qi Zi&nbsp;枸杞子, Tu Si Zi&nbsp;菟丝子, Fu Pen Zi&nbsp;覆盆子&nbsp;and Xian Ling Pi&nbsp;仙灵脾&nbsp;have been shown to improve sperm quality and quantity, increase libido, and improve overall reproductive health. While herbs can be helpful in improving male fertility, it is important to note that they should be used under the guidance of a qualified TCM physician,&nbsp;as some herbs can interact with medications or have side effects.

Include herbal supplements that boost fertility

<div>Acupuncture for fertility aims to promote the flow of Qi, the body’s vital energy and help restore balance and harmony in the body.&nbsp;</div>Studies have indicated that acupuncture can have a significant positive effect on improving sperm motility, increase sperm production, increase the percentage of healthy sperm, improve the levels of hormones responsible for fertility when used in conjunction with Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART).In addition to its physical benefits, acupuncture is also helpful in reducing stress, anxiety and depression, which can all impact reproductive health negatively.&nbsp;

Go for regular acupuncture sessions

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TCM physicians view the body as a holistic system and believe that imbalances in the body can affect reproductive health. By addressing the underlying imbalances through natural therapies,&nbsp;TCM&nbsp;offers a holistic and effective approach to improving&nbsp;fertility.Whether it is through dietary modifications, herbal remedies, acupuncture or other natural therapies, TCM can support&nbsp;men in achieving optimal reproductive health. If you or someone you know is struggling with male infertility, consider exploring the benefits of TCM and taking the first step towards improving your reproductive health naturally.&nbsp;With a strong dedication to supporting couples to realise their fertility goals, Thomson Chinese Medicine provides customised fertility programmes that cater to individual needs.

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Supporting Men in Achieving Optimal Reproductive Health 

Our physicians

"I have found great inspiration and resonance in the words of E. L. Trudeau, who once said, ‘To cure sometimes, to relieve often, to comfort always.’ As a TCM physician, my commitment lies in understanding my patients’ needs, alleviating their pain, and supporting their journey towards recovery.” Physician Zhang Lin is a graduate of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, where she received the distinction of being the Outstanding Graduate in her cohort. Since her university days, she has held a deep interest in women’s health &amp; wellness management. In addition to her expertise in TCM gynaecology, Zhang Lin’s interests also include insomnia, gastroenterology and pain management. Zhang Lin is a fully registered TCM physician with the TCM Practitioners Board and a member of the Singapore Chinese Physicians’ Association.Please refer to the <a href="https://www.thomsonmedical.com/centres/chinese-medicine/physician-schedules">physician's schedule and practicing hours.</a>

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Physician Zhang Lin

“Twelve years ago, I suffered from a severe cough that persisted for several weeks without improvement. Seeking a solution, I visited a neighborhood TCM clinic, and to my surprise, within two days of taking Chinese medicine, my cough significantly improved. I was deeply impressed by the effectiveness of herbs! Since then, TCM has become my passion.” Before relocating to Singapore in 1998, Zhou Chun worked as a resident physician at Shanghai Baoshan Infectious Disease Hospital. In Singapore, she graduated from the Singapore College of TCM and has since specialised in managing a range of internal medicine conditions, including digestive and weight management issues, gynaecology, andrology, and pain management (including Shingles and Bell’s Palsy). Her interests include fertility, confinement care, facial acupuncture (including Bell’s Palsy), stroke rehabilitation and mental wellness. Ms. Zhou is a fully registered Traditional Chinese Medicine Physician with the TCM Practitioners Board and a member of the Singapore Chinese Physicians’ Association.Please refer to the <a href="https://www.thomsonmedical.com/centres/chinese-medicine/physician-schedules">physician's schedule and practicing hours.</a>

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Physician Zhou Chun

“There was always something about TCM that fascinated me, even as a young child. Whether it was pretending to be a TCM physician or collecting raw herbs from the roadside, those childhood memories have stayed with me. I am grateful that I have found a career that brings me joy and fulfillment.” Ms. Chen obtained her Masters in TCM Diagnostics from Nanjing University of TCM. Mentored by Professor Wu Cheng Yu from the same university, she has developed a keen interest in fertility, TCM gynaecology, pain management, confinement care (including lactation), mental wellness, and skin disorders. Ms. Chen is a fully registered Traditional Chinese Medicine Physician with the TCM Practitioners Board and a member of the Singapore Chinese Physicians’ Association.Please refer to the <a href="https://www.thomsonmedical.com/centres/chinese-medicine/physician-schedules">physician's schedule and practicing hours.</a>

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Senior Physician Chen Fang

Physician Negoro holds double degrees in Bachelor of Biomedical Science and Bachelor of Chinese Medicine from Nanyang Technological University (NTU) and Beijing University of Chinese Medicine (BUCM). During her two years in Beijing, she completed extensive clinical internships at Dongfang Hospital, collaborating with senior doctors across diverse specialties. Ms. Negoro is dedicated to women’s health, specialising in areas such as menstrual wellness, fertility, gut health, and sleep disorders. She embraces the profound healing capabilities of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), encouraging patients to openly discuss their health concerns for overall well-being. Inspired by her father, also a TCM physician, and her own experience with TCM successfully treating childhood migraines, Ms. Negoro skillfully combines her expertise with a profound belief in the effectiveness of TCM, bringing a unique perspective to her practice.Please refer to the <a href="https://www.thomsonmedical.com/centres/chinese-medicine/physician-schedules">physician's schedule and practicing hours.</a>

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Physician Jun Negoro

“TCM is an incredibly intriguing and rewarding field for me. It is a medicinal practice that has thrived for thousands of years and continues to hold great relevance in our daily lives and overall well-being. Through my own experience as a physician, I have witnessed the remarkable effects of TCM herbs and acupuncture on patients with diverse conditions, reaffirming the immense potential that TCM holds within the healthcare industry. TCM places emphasis on treating the individual rather than just the disease, prioritising self-preservation and overall wellness, aspects that are often overlooked by many.”Physician Zhou holds a Phd in TCM Acupuncture and Tuina from the Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine (GUCM) and Biomedical Science degree from Nanyang Technological University (NTU). Being effectively bilingual, she has learned and worked with TCM specialists and renowned physicians in the areas of Internal medicine, Gynaecology, Paediatrics, and Pain Management from both Singapore and China. Ms. Zhou has a keen interest in utilising TCM herbs and acupuncture to address gynaecological, fertility, and postpartum-related issues. She has helped numerous women in supporting their IVF cycle, pregnancy and post-partum related health issues with acupuncture and herbs, she also helped manage Children health conditions like respiratory illnesses, gut issues with Herbs and Children&nbsp;Tuina.Please refer to the <a href="https://www.thomsonmedical.com/centres/chinese-medicine/physician-schedules">physician's schedule and practicing hours.</a>

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Physician Zhou Jing

“As a child growing up in a Chinese family, I visited TCM physicians more often than Western practitioners. While I was impressed by the vast array of herbs and medicines, what intrigued me the most was acupuncture and its ability to heal simply by inserting needles into the body. Fast forward two decades, I happened to consult a TCM physician who provided me with information on becoming certified in the field of Chinese Medicine. Since then, I have acquired extensive knowledge and experience as a TCM practitioner, specialising in acupuncture and Chinese herbs.” Physician Ho graduated from the Singapore College of TCM. Over the years, he has applied acupuncture techniques to treat and manage various internal medicine conditions, as well as provide pain management. His expertise includes TCM Andrology, Gynaecology, Mental Wellness, Gastrointestinal Health, as well as TCM Dermatology. Mr. Ho is a fully registered Traditional Chinese Medicine Physician with the TCM Practitioners Board and a member of the Singapore Chinese Physicians’ Association.Please refer to the <a href="https://www.thomsonmedical.com/centres/chinese-medicine/physician-schedules">physician's schedule and practicing hours.</a>

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Senior Physician Ho Wee Kok

“I have long been intrigued by the profound knowledge and wisdom found in classical doctrines like ‘Huangdi Neijing’. Evidence shows that by maintaining harmony and balance within the body and utilising acupuncture and traditional Chinese medicine, we can complement Western medicine and enhance patient well-being. My aim is to make a meaningful difference in people’s lives.” Physician Tham holds a Bachelor of TCM from Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine. During her clinical attachments, she worked with specialists in Gynaecology and Acupuncture. Her interests lie in fertility, TCM gynaecology, pain management, postpartum care, and gastrointestinal care. Physician Tham is a fully registered Traditional Chinese Medicine Physician with the TCM Practitioners Board and a member of the Singapore Chinese Physicians’ Association.Please refer to the <a href="https://www.thomsonmedical.com/centres/chinese-medicine/physician-schedules">physician's schedule and practicing hours.</a>

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Physician Tham Yoke Mei

“I was born into a family with three generations of medical practitioners. My grandparents have been TCM practitioners since the 1930s, and my mother was a GP who practiced both Western medicine and acupuncture. This upbringing has inspired me to explore better treatment approaches to help patients, and I strongly believe that there is vast untapped potential in TCM!” Dr. Ou graduated from Guangzhou University of TCM and worked as a TCM Physician at Rongqi Hospital in Guangdong, China before relocating to Singapore. In Singapore, she holds the position of senior TCM Physician and serves as a lecturer at the Singapore College of TCM. She obtained her PhD in TCM from Nanjing University of TCM in 2009. Dr. Ou has a keen interest in utilising acupuncture and Chinese medicine for fertility, TCM gynaecology, pain management, confinement care, mental wellness, and gastrointestinal health. Dr. Ou is a fully registered Traditional Chinese Medicine Physician with the TCM Practitioners Board and a member of the Singapore Chinese Physicians’ Association.Please refer to the <a href="https://www.thomsonmedical.com/centres/chinese-medicine/physician-schedules">physician's schedule and practicing hours.</a>

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Senior Physician Ou Cui Liu

“I first visited a TCM physician in my early 20s when I fell ill for an extended period, which was a new experience for me. Upon a relative’s recommendation, I decided to seek treatment at a TCM clinic. To my surprise, within days of taking Chinese medicine, I experienced immediate improvement in my health. This encounter ignited my interest and passion for TCM, and since then, I have remained dedicated to this field without looking back.”Physician Seah Ai Wei obtained her degree from the Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine. During her tenure at Jiangsu Provincial Hospital of TCM, she has worked alongside experienced doctors specialising in various disciplines, including internal medicine, gastroenterology, gynaecology, oncology, respiratory, dermatology, and rheumatology.Ms. Seah advocates for mental wellness and has developed a special interest in utilising acupuncture and Chinese medicine to support women dealing with fertility issues and postpartum recovery. She is also committed to addressing gastrointestinal health concerns.In addition to her Chinese medicine practice, Physician Seah is an articulate bilingual speaker. She has delivered numerous talks on fertility and maternity, providing guidance and support to expecting couples throughout their parenthood journeys.Ms. Seah is a fully registered Traditional Chinese Medicine Physician with the TCM Practitioners Board and an active member of the Singapore Chinese Physicians’ Association.Please refer to the <a href="https://www.thomsonmedical.com/centres/chinese-medicine/physician-schedules">physician's schedule and practicing hours.</a>

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Physician Seah Ai Wei

“My interest in TCM blossomed at a young age through the stories shared with me by my grandmother, who was a TCM Physician. As I embarked on my journey in TCM and specialised in TCM gynaecology after graduation, my passion deepened. Witnessing the smiles on my patients’ faces when their fertility issues are resolved brings immense fulfillment to my role as a physician.” Ms Lu holds a Masters in Gynaecology from Liaoning University of TCM. Since obtaining her TCM Practising Certificate in 2008, she has been dedicated to treating patients with infertility issues, along with other gynaecological conditions like endometriosis and PCOS. Additionally, she has a keen interest in confinement care, internal medicine, and acupuncture. Ms. Lu is a fully registered Traditional Chinese Medicine Physician with the TCM Practitioners Board.Please refer to the <a href="https://www.thomsonmedical.com/centres/chinese-medicine/physician-schedules">physician's schedule and practicing hours.</a>

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Physician Lu Xiao Jian

Physician Ho Chin Ee is a graduate of Nanyang Technological University (NTU) and Beijing University of Chinese Medicine (BUCM) with a Double Degree in Biomedical Sciences and Chinese Medicine with honours. She was awarded a scholarship to pursue a Masters in TCM at BUCM, where she had the opportunity to work alongside renowned physicians in TCM gynaecology, paediatrics, internal medicine, and acupuncture. Ms. Ho’s clinical expertise encompasses the application of TCM Paediatric Tui Na and herbal medicine for children with common respiratory and digestive conditions. In addition, she employs various TCM techniques to effectively treat and manage a range of conditions in adults, including gastrointestinal disorders such as reflux, gastritis, and irritable bowel syndrome. Her expertise extends to women’s health, addressing concerns such as infertility, fibroids, endometriosis, irregular menstrual cycles, and postpartum confinement care. Furthermore, she has a keen interest in TCM dermatology and pain management. Ms. Ho is a fully registered Traditional Chinese Medicine Physician with the TCM Practitioners Board (TCMPB) and a member of the Academy of Chinese Medicine Singapore as well as the World Federation of Chinese Medicine Societies. She is also a member of the TCMPB, which is the professional board for TCM Practitioners, and actively participates in the regulation of TCM practice and practitioners.Please refer to the <a href="https://www.thomsonmedical.com/centres/chinese-medicine/physician-schedules">physician's schedule and practicing hours.</a>

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Senior Physician Ho Chin Ee

Ms. Jin’s interest in TCM developed at a young age under the influence of her granduncle, who was a TCM practitioner. She made the decision to pursue a Bachelor’s degree in TCM at Liao Ning University of TCM, solidifying her commitment to the field. With over three decades of experience as an acupuncturist, Ms. Jin specialises in treating patients with fertility and gynaecological issues, pain management (including Bell’s Palsy), anxiety, weight management, sinusitis, insomnia, and gastrointestinal disorders. She believes in a holistic approach to patient care, empowering her patients to understand their body constitution and make informed lifestyle choices. Ms. Jin also firmly believes in the harmonious integration of Eastern and Western approaches to health, recognising their potential to benefit her patients when used together.Please refer to the <a href="https://www.thomsonmedical.com/centres/chinese-medicine/physician-schedules">physician's schedule and practicing hours.</a>

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Senior Acupuncturist Jin Jin Hua

TCM Male Fertility

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Breast lumps during pregnancy are very common. The expectant mother will experience many normal physiological changes ― an increase in breast size, more obvious sweat glands around the nipples, a darkening of the areola ― all of which will prepare her body for breastfeeding.Common non-cancerous variations to breasts include hormonal changes (fibrocystic changes), fibroadenomas, cysts, lipomas, accessory (extra) breast tissue. Pregnancy-related breast cancers make up about 3 per cent of all breast cancers.Whenever a pregnant woman feels a lump, she should see a doctor to get their opinion, keeping in mind that most times it will turn out to be nothing serious!<h2>What the doctor will do</h2>When you see the doctor, she will ask details as to how you detected the lump, how long it has been present and if you have detected any changes, so as to get an idea what the lump is likely to be.Next, the doctor will conduct a breast examination to confirm the presence of the lump, and check for any other symptoms such as skin changes or nipple discharge.Most patients will then be recommended to get an ultrasound scan ― this will give additional information as to whether this lump is benign or cancerous. If there is any concern that the lump may be cancerous, your doctor will advise you as to the pros and cons of having a biopsy, which can be done safely even during pregnancy.“If a pregnant women detects a lump, I would advise them to have a thorough consultation and a physical examination, followed by an ultrasound. If necessary, I would then perform a biopsy.”<h2>Breast cancer screening during pregnancy</h2>A screening checks for cancer even when a patient is feeling well and has absolutely no cancer signs or symptoms. For breast cancer screening, most countries, including Singapore, recommend mammogram screening from age 50 onwards. For women who are at higher risk, this may start at 40. Some specialists will recommend a supplementary ultrasound as well.If a pregnant women detects a lump, I would advise them to have a thorough consultation and a physical examination, followed by an ultrasound. If necessary, I would then perform a biopsy.<h2>Screening methods (Mammograms/Ultrasound)</h2>Ultrasound, the same technology used to monitor the baby during pregnancy, is safe and useful in detecting lumps, and to check if it’s solid or cystic. Most specialists do not use ultrasound as a screening method as the majority of such lumps it detects are not cancerous.A diagnostic ultrasound can still be performed safely on pregnant women to assess their breast lump. If a subsequent biopsy confirms a cancer, she may then need a baseline mammogram, after discussing the pros and cons with her doctor. This is because early stage breast cancer may not form a lump yet, but may attract calcium spots, which can be detected using a mammogram. An abdominal lead apron may be used to reduce the baby’s exposure to radiation.<h2>Breast cancer treatment</h2>If the biopsy shows that the lump is non-cancerous (benign), then it may be left alone.However, if the biopsy shows that it is cancerous, the breast cancer treatment protocols will be modified for the expectant woman. Staging* has to be conducted to find out if the cancer has spread to other parts of the body, but only with liver ultrasound and chest X-ray. Depending on which trimester of the pregnancy she is in, the breast surgeon, oncologist and the ob-gyn will discuss what is best for the patient and her baby.Chemotherapy may be administered from the second trimester onwards, followed by surgery after she deliver the baby. As such management of the patient’s treatment is complex, it will involve good multidisciplinary care by experienced doctors.*Staging is a way to describe where the cancer is located, how much the cancer has grown, and if or where it has spread.

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Thomson Breast Centre
Call: <a href="tel:+6562525535" target="_self">6252 5535</a>
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Although common breast changes are normal in pregnancy, finding a lump can be worrying. Learn what are the recommended next steps, and when you should worry.

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Breast Lumps During Pregnancy: What to Expect and Do

“It all started with a persistent pain in the left breast, and I was referred by my General Practitioner for a mammogram and ultrasound. Both the mammogram and ultrasound results showed an abnormal lump, and I was further scheduled for a breast biopsy to determine if the lump was benign or malignant. Questions started to fill my mind. What is breast biopsy and how is it performed? And is it painful?”For many patients, pain is a very common symptom and is the most common complaint that brings them to see a doctor. For a small group, there happens to be an abnormal lump found that needs a biopsy. Most times, pain is not a sign of cancer, and any lumps found may not be the cause of the breast pain you experienced.Some of us may face a similar situation when a lump is detected. It is normal to have many questions. This article aims to address some of your preliminary questions while you arrange for a consult with a professional specialist. It is important to seek timely professional diagnosis and treatment.Here’s what you need to know about a breast biopsy and what to expect.<h2>What is a breast biopsy?</h2>A breast biopsy is a process where a small sample of breast tissue is removed through a special biopsy needle. The tissue samples removed from the breast lump will be further examined under a microscope. Typically, the breast biopsy is performed if there is an abnormality detected from your previous mammograms or breast ultrasounds. The goal of the biopsy is to determine what the abnormality is and the best treatment to move forward with.Although ultrasounds and mammograms are useful ways to identify breast lumps, a breast biopsy is the <a href="https://www.mayoclinic.org/tests-procedures/breast-biopsy/about/pac-20384812" target="_self">only way to confirm</a> what the lump is. Breast screening is to be done, even if you are well and have no symptoms at all, and annual mammograms should start from age 40.If you experience any symptoms, please see a doctor for early diagnostic imaging tests:<ul><li>Breast lump</li><li>Changes in the colour or contour of the breast or nipple or dimpling of skin</li><li>Discharge from the nipple</li></ul>Most breast biopsies are quick and painless. Many of the breast lumps may turn out to be benign as there are a variety of conditions that can cause lumps in the breast. However, your doctor will usually want to take precautions and order breast screening tests to rule out early breast cancer.<h2>How to prepare for a breast biopsy?</h2>Before your breast biopsy, you can prepare by informing your breast surgeon if you:<ul><li>Have any allergies</li><li>Are taking any <a href="https://www.ucsfhealth.org/education/biopsy-for-breast-cancer-diagnosis-surgical-breast-biopsy" target="_self">blood-thinning medications</a></li><li>Have consumed <a href="https://www.ucsfhealth.org/education/biopsy-for-breast-cancer-diagnosis-surgical-breast-biopsy" target="_self">aspirin</a> in the last seven days</li><li>Not able to lie face down for more than an hour</li></ul>You will likely meet with your specialist prior to the procedure. Your doctor would be able to advise you on the procedure and give you advice such as:<ul><li>What type of breast biopsy procedure will be done?</li><li>What is the location of my biopsy?</li><li>Will a part or all of the lump be extracted?</li><li>Will it leave a scar?</li><li>How soon will I receive my results?</li><li>How soon can I resume normal activities?</li><li>What type of anaesthesia will be used?</li></ul>Make sure to wear a <a href="https://www.ucsfhealth.org/education/biopsy-for-breast-cancer-diagnosis-surgical-breast-biopsy" target="_self">sports bra and loose clothing</a> to have ease in dressing after the procedure. You may also want to have a designated driver or someone to accompany you home safely.<h2>What are the different types of breast biopsies and how are they performed?</h2>Once your breast surgeon decides that a biopsy is needed, they will determine the best type of biopsy for your situation. There are a few breast biopsy procedures to obtain samples of a patient’s breast lumps. Your breast surgeon will recommend based on the location, size, and other characteristics of the breast abnormality.Your breast surgeon will take a tissue sample either through a minimally invasive biopsy procedure or surgery. Minimally invasive procedures are ideal because they offer:<ul><li>Less pain</li><li>Less scarring</li><li>Faster recovery time</li><li>Lower risk of infection</li><li>Lower hospital costs</li><li>Able to return to usual activities quickly</li></ul><h3>Ultrasound-guided breast biopsy</h3>This procedure is performed through ultrasound guidance. An ultrasound is a method that utilises high-frequency sound waves to generate precise images.The breast surgeon will locate the lump within the patient’s breasts using the breast ultrasound device before a small incision is made for the biopsy needle to retrieve tissue samples. With an ultrasound-guided breast biopsy, the breast surgeon can identify <a href="https://www.radiologyinfo.org/en/info/breastbius" target="_self">lumps near the chest wall or under the arms</a>.It can be used in conjunction with <a href="https://www.radiologyinfo.org/en/info/breastbius" target="_self">vacuum-assisted core biopsy, core needle biopsy, or fine needle aspiration biopsy</a>. This ultrasound-guided breast biopsy procedure is also more cost-effective than other methods like open surgical biopsy.<h3>Stereotactic biopsy</h3><img src="https://images.contentstack.io/v3/assets/blt5f400315f9e4f0b3/bltdc27a561fa0c5072/6545217008cc0104077ce311/Stereotactic_Biopsy.jpeg?branch=uat_release_3" height="auto"/>With a stereotactic biopsy, a 3D image of the breast is created from the mammogram results. The doctor uses the image to pinpoint the exact location of the suspected breast lump and guides the needle there.The patient will lay <a href="https://www.healthline.com/health/breast-biopsy-stereotactic#procedure" target="_self">facing down on a padded biopsy table</a> with one of the breasts positioned in the hole in the table. The patient’s breast will be compressed with two plates while the biopsy site is located using a targeted mammogram. The breast surgeon or radiologist will then create a small incision into the biopsy site and insert a large core needle to remove tissue samples.<h3>RI-guided core needle biopsy</h3>Instead of using an ultrasound device, a biopsy can be performed under the guidance of an MRI. This imaging device captures cross-sectional images of the breast so that the hollow needle can be guided to the site of the breast lump. This procedure can be <a href="https://www.radiologyinfo.org/en/info/breastbimr" target="_self">used with core needle biopsy, vacuum-assisted core biopsy, or wire localisation</a>.he different types of breast biopsy vary in terms of how invasive the procedure it can be. Your breast surgeon will advise on the procedure that is the best for you.<h3>Open (surgical) biopsy</h3><img src="https://images.contentstack.io/v3/assets/blt5f400315f9e4f0b3/blt4155c1fcecc004d3/654521990970dd001bd16e10/Open_(Surgical)_Biopsy.png?branch=uat_release_3" height="auto"/>The breast surgeon will remove part or the entire lump. If the lump is small and deep, a very thin needle and a thin wire will be <a href="https://www.cancer.org/cancer/breast-cancer/screening-tests-and-early-detection/breast-biopsy/surgical-breast-biopsy.html" target="_self">placed inside the breast</a> before the operation to help guide the breast surgeon.Generally, a surgical biopsy is performed in an operating room usually under general anaesthesia.<h3>Fine needle aspiration (FNA) cytology</h3>In this procedure, a thin needle attached to a syringe is inserted into the breast lumps. The syringe will collect the sample of fluid or cells from the lump and small tissue samples are removed. Your doctor will advise if this is suitable for you.<h3>Sentinel node biopsy</h3>This procedure removes the <a href="https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/diagnosis-staging/staging/sentinel-node-biopsy-fact-sheet" target="_self">sentinel lymph node</a> or the first node to which cancer cells are most likely to spread. The surgeon uses blue dye or a radioactive tracer to identify the node. Then, the node is removed and tested for cancer. Cancer could have spread to other lymph nodes if the sentinel node tests positive. However, if it is negative, the likelihood of cancer spreading to other lymph nodes is lower.<h3>Vacuum-assisted core biopsy</h3>This procedure is performed with an ultrasound or mammogram unit and can be seen as an upgraded form of the core needle biopsy. Like the core biopsy, a larger needle is used and allows for several tissue samples to be taken at one time.<a href="https://www.insideradiology.com.au/vacuum-assisted-core-biopsy" target="_self">A probe or hollow tube is inserted into a cut made on the skin</a>. Then, a vacuum-assisted device is used to pull the tissue into the needle while a rotating cutting device takes the sample. Using a suction device is beneficial because it can get more cells and fluid through the needle, which cuts down on the number of times the needle will need to be inserted to retrieve multiple samples.<h2>Benefits and risks of breast biopsy</h2>Before proceeding with breast biopsy procedures, you may want to discuss with the breast surgeon and weigh the benefits and risks to determine the suitable procedure that is right for you. Fortunately, most procedures are less invasive compared to surgical biopsy and some will leave minimal to no scarring. The biopsy results will indicate whether the breast lump is malignant or benign which would either allow you to rest easy or quickly get the treatment that you need.Although these procedures are generally safe, there are some risks involved. Possible complications that can incur from a breast biopsy include:<ul><li>Mild pain and bruising</li><li>Infection</li><li>Prolonged bleeding</li><li>Soreness at the biopsy site</li></ul>Many of these side effects are simply temporary. However, if they persist, contact your breast surgeon for treatment. Generally, following the aftercare instructions will greatly reduce these risks and limit the odds of infection.<h2>FAQ</h2><h3>Why is a breast biopsy done?</h3>A breast biopsy can be done for several reasons:<ul><li>To identify any lumps in your breast</li><li>To check for the potential causes of any nipple problems such as bloody discharge</li><li>To evaluate whether the breast lump or breast mass is cancerous or non-cancerous.</li><li>To check the severity of a problem seen from the breast imaging results, such as a fluid-filled cyst or calcium deposits in breast tissue (microcalcifications)</li></ul><h3>How often are breast biopsies positive for cancer?</h3>&gt; 80% of the patients who undergo the biopsy procedure do not have cancer, while only &lt; 20% of breast biopsies are malignant. When the results are negative, the breast lump is benign.<h3>Does a breast biopsy hurt?</h3>The breast surgeon may use local anaesthesia to help numb the biopsy area during the procedure. It may be slightly uncomfortable, but most patients describe it as tolerable. Once the site is numb from the local anaesthetic, one should only feel pressure but no pain from the biopsy.Typically, only local anaesthesia is required. However, general anaesthesia may be used in severe cases, meaning the entire body is numbed.<h3>How long does it take to recover from breast biopsy?</h3>Biopsy procedures do not cause significant pain to your body. However, you may experience some bruising, tenderness, or soreness for a few days after the biopsy procedure. Patients can take non-aspirin pain relievers that contain acetaminophen and apply cold packs to help ease the pain and discomfort. However, it can take longer to recover from surgical removal procedures when compared to nonsurgical procedures.With all breast biopsy procedures, except for the surgical biopsy, you will be able to go home without a patient caregiver. You will likely have bandages and a cold pack over the biopsy site. Most patients can resume usual activities within a day after the procedure.Tell your breast surgeon if you notice the following problems after the biopsy:<ul><li>Pain that gets worse</li><li>Chills or fever</li><li>Swelling, redness, drainage, or bleeding</li></ul><h3>How soon should you expect to receive your breast biopsy results?</h3><img src="https://images.contentstack.io/v3/assets/blt5f400315f9e4f0b3/blt3ce74f2f0f705f43/654521d254447604077cfdc6/Breast_Biopsy.jpeg?branch=uat_release_3" height="auto"/>Once the procedure is done, the breast tissue samples are sent to the lab. A pathologist will evaluate the samples using specialised tools and then create a report to send to the breast surgeon, who will share the results with you.Generally, it takes a few days before the results are ready. However, it can take as long as two weeks before the test results are available if the lab needs more time to process your specimen.Sometimes a clear diagnosis is not possible based on the sample given. In this scenario, you may need another biopsy performed so that the breast surgeon can obtain more breast tissue for further evaluation.The results will share details about the consistency and size of the breast tissue samples, the location of the biopsy site, and whether there are cancer cells present. If it is malignant, the report will detail the type of breast cancer you have. Based on the findings, your breast surgeon will advise on the next steps for treatment.<h2>Book Your Appointment at Thomson Breast Centre</h2>Prevention is always better than cure! Our clinical team at <a href="https://www.thomsonmedical.com/breast" target="_blank">Thomson Breast Centre</a> offers different services for all <a href="https://www.thomsonmedical.com/blog/womens-health/breast-screening-mammogram-ultrasound" target="_blank">breast screening</a> needs with the assurance that you will be well taken care of. It is important to detect signs of breast cancer early. The sooner it is detected, the faster the treatment can start. At Thomson Medical, our doctors will evaluate the lump and provide the appropriate tests for diagnosis.Most patients start with a specialist consultation for a personalised clinical breast assessment. We offer a wide range of biopsy procedures, from minimally invasive removal to more advanced surgical options if a biopsy is needed. Book a specialist consultation with Thomson Breast Centre and start your breast health journey today.

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Thomson Breast CentreCall: <a href="tel:+6562525535" target="_self">6252 5535</a>WhatsApp: <a href="https://api.whatsapp.com/send/?phone=6586688697&text=I+was+browsing+the+Thomson+Medical+website+and+would+like+to+make+an+enquiry.&type=phone_number&app_absent=0" target="_self">8668 8697</a>

Worried about a breast lump? Don't panic. A breast biopsy is a simple procedure that can help determine if the lump is benign or malignant. Learn more about the process and what to expect from this article.

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Everything You Need to Know About Breast Biopsy

Just as there are skin issues that arise during pregnancy, skin conditions can also develop after you give birth. Fortunately, they are largely treatable, so there is no need to fret – your postpartum skin and hair will bounce back in no time. We take a look at some of the most common conditions.<h2>Melasma</h2>Also known as “the mask of pregnancy”, this pigmentation condition is due to increased melanin production and is caused by a combination of genetic and hormonal factors, as well as sun exposure. It tends to affect Asian skin more, appearing as brownish patches over the cheeks, forehead, temples, nasal bridge, upper lips and jawline.It is best controlled by avoiding the sun and with regular use of sunscreen, lightening creams and topical agents, although it can persist in some cases. Other treatments include chemical peeling, intense pulsed light therapy and certain forms of laser therapy. Inform your doctor if you are breastfeeding – certain ingredients such as tretinoin and hydroquinone that can be found in some skincare products should be avoided by breastfeeding mums.<h2>Dermatitis/eczema</h2>Eczema or dermatitis is a relatively common yet noninfectious condition, so it will not spread to your baby. Often it is an aggravation of an underlying sensitive skin condition that has been present for some time. For new mothers, it can also develop as a result of excessive water contact due to frequent handwashing.Use moisturiser regularly to soothe inflamed and itchy skin. Topical steroid creams are prescribed to calm inflamed skin and are safe to use even when breastfeeding. Use a gentle soap substitute and continue to moisturise even after the skin rash has settled.<h2>Stretchmarks</h2>Affecting at least 90 percent of pregnant women, stretchmarks are a form of scarring that appear red when fresh, but most will fade to white after delivery. During pregnancy, intensive use of moisturisers may help the condition, and there are specially formulated stretchmark creams on the market that you can continue using after delivery. For more severe cases, dermatologists may prescribe tretinoin cream to use postpartum when you are not breastfeeding. Some skin-tightening laser treatments are safe options to remove stretchmarks even if you are breastfeeding, but these usually require multiple sessions.<h2>Telogen effluvium</h2>This condition results in hair fall that usually occurs about three months after delivery. Though increased hair fall can be distressing to new mothers, it is almost always a self-limiting condition, and you will usually recover within six months. If you notice increased hair fall, consult a doctor to exclude other causes of hair loss (such as low iron levels). Topical medications can be used if you are not breastfeeding.<h2>Acne</h2>Caused by an inflammation in the facial oil glands, acne may be aggravated by hormonal changes. Most of the time, acne clears within a few weeks or months, but medical treatment should be sought to prevent the risk of scarring. There are many topical agents that can be safely used even when breastfeeding. In more severe cases, oral medications such as antibiotics may be required.

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Thomson Specialist Skin CentreCall: <a href="tel:+6563976006" target="_self">6397 6006</a>

Postpartum skin problems like melasma, acne, and stretch marks are common but temporary. Learn how to relieve and prevent the 5 most frequent postpartum skin woes.