What is gonorrhea?
Gonorrhea is a prevalent sexually transmitted infection (STI) caused by the bacterium Neisseria gonorrhoeae. This bacterium primarily infects the mucous membranes of the reproductive tract, but it can also affect the mouth, throat, eyes, and rectum. Gonorrhea is known for its high rate of transmission and potential for serious health complications if left untreated.
What causes gonorrhea?
Gonorrhea is caused by the bacterium Neisseria gonorrhoeae, which is transmitted through sexual contact. This includes vaginal, anal, and oral sex. The bacterium thrives in the warm, moist areas of the reproductive tract, including the cervix, uterus, and fallopian tubes in women, and the urethra in both men and women. It can also infect the mucous membranes of the mouth, throat, eyes, and rectum.
Symptoms of gonorrhea
Gonorrhoea symptoms can vary based on the site of infection and the gender of the infected individual.
If you experience any of these symptoms below, seek medical attention promptly for diagnosis and treatment.
Treatment of gonorrhea
Gonorrhea is typically treated with antibiotics. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) currently recommends a dual therapy consisting of an injection of ceftriaxone and oral azithromycin. This combination helps ensure the eradication of the bacterium and reduces the risk of antibiotic resistance. It is essential to complete the full course of antibiotics even if symptoms resolve before the medication is finished. Additionally, sexual partners should also be tested and treated to prevent reinfection and further spread of the disease.
Prevention of gonorrhea
- Condom use: Consistently using condoms during sexual activity can significantly reduce the risk of gonorrhea transmission.
- Regular screenings: Regular STI screenings for sexually active individuals help detect gonorrhea early, even in asymptomatic cases.
- Mutual monogamy: Engaging in a mutually monogamous relationship with a partner who has tested negative for STIs reduces the risk of infection.
- Avoiding sexual contact with infected individuals: Abstaining from sex with partners known to have gonorrhea until they have completed their treatment is crucial.
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